Intellectual Property Law

Intellectual Property Law The right to ownership has tremendously grown in various categories. One of the groundbreaking classifications of ownership is the intellectual property. The intellectual property law has shifted attention from the common protection of physical objects such as land to intangible assets like designs, inventions and artistic works. The idea is to secure and enforce legal protection of the intellectual potential, especially in this era where violation of intellectual property is extremely tempting given the technological advancement. This paper explores the concept of intellectual property law in depth and breadth. A Brief History of Intellectual Property Law Intellectual property law is not a new jargon. It dates back to the medieval tenure where the government allowed artistic associations to regulate and control their respective industries (Murray, Laura, Kirsty and Tina 10). The associations were referred to as guilds. The guild maintained integrity in the production, marketing and importing of ideas. They dictated what inventions could be introduced to the commerce and using what procedures. However, the challenge was that the guilds focused so much on exercising control that they were even suppressing creativity and innovation. Power was projected towards a selected few in an industry. The fact is that intellectual property law was then driven by political and religious pressures rather than creativity and innovation interests. For example, in 1555, the government of England established the Stationary Company which was mandated to control the print industry. The main intention to develop this monopolistic firm was to hamper the powe r of Protestant Reformation (Murray, Laura, Kirsty and Tina 22). Over 80 years later, the guilds were broken to give room for Statute of Monopolies, a British law. The law disbanded the guilds and emphasized on strengthening the rights in line with the creators as opposed to selective industries (Merges 7). Upon the realization of independence, particularly by the US, countries began to develop their own copyright law. More so, courts, specifically the Federal court, played a pivotal role in revolutionizing this law. Following a series of cases related to intellectual property law, the Court modified the law necessarily. That is why the law is characterized by imperative terms such as contract law, mutual assent, considerations, and misappropriation. Contract law enforces promises and agreement between/among people. Once they accept the contract, this qualifies as a mutual assent. Consideration is when each person agrees to relinquish something in order to realize a resolve a conflict. Lastly, misappropriation is the wrongful application of someon e else’s work for commercialization. The Significant Shift of Intellectual Property Law Today, this law is linked to almost all facets of like ranging from politics, business to science. It reflects a shift to an information economy. Importantly, the law has been shaped to not only protect creators but also serve as an incentive. The aim is to ensure their creators profit from their work by sidelining misappropriation from the very beginning. This will motivate the creators to willingly and potentially apply their intellectual, which in turn benefit the society. Hence, by safeguarding the commercialization of creators, the society also benefit in the long run. To enable the efficiency and effectiveness of this law, there are agencies granted the power regulate this area. The agencies are usually related to trademark, copyright and patent. Trademarks are essential in the protection of names, symbols and slogans ideal for goods and services identification. That way, it is easier for customers to distinguish various brands from one another thus preventing confusing or misleading advertisements. It explains why general logos, pictures or words may not be accepted. The purpose for trademarks being to distinguish brands, it is paramount to have distinct features. Trademarks have impressively prevented the exploitation of customer’s goodwill by trading under the name of a particular logo, picture or the combination of both. It is worth noting that trademarks may not completely protect an individual in cases of related names, symbols or slogans. Infringement based on relatedness varies in degrees that are dictated in a civil action (Colston and Jonathan 15). The Internet domain is easily facilitating such cases. Copyrights deal with intangible assets such as motion pictures, writings, music, architecture among other artistic expressions. The production of copyright is a factor of the creation act, which can be published or unpublished. Most often, it is punctuated with symbol and date of copyright, and the protection serves for many years – usually over 70 years or even a lifetime (Johnson 6). The protection does not involve intellectual expressions like ideas and theories. It mostly handles matters that are captured in a fixed medium. In other words, copyright protects how an idea is expressed, and not the idea itself. Additionally, unlike trademarks, copyright does not require registration. It immediately comes to play. In the case of patents, inventors enjoy the right to explore the marketplace with their products. The law also allows them to profit by transferring their rights to someone else. The elements under patents include improvements of technology, new machines, manufactured goods among others. The government grants the patents thus barring others from using an individual’s invention. Given the stiff competition that dominates today’s market, patents can put one at the edge of the competition, especially since it can last up to 20 years. However, certain conditions can disqualify an invention. To that end, the invention should not be obvious or morally offensive. It should also prove to be useful. Although this may appear as an easy task, it is a daunting process. It consumes time and money because it commands research to ensure that no other patents of similar nature exist. Even worse, the invention can be challenged legally without refunds (Colston and Jonathan 13). Hence, i t can be a high-risk undertaking. There is no guarantee for merit or commercial value. Expounding on Infringement Infringement is simply the violation of intellectual property law. As a bold step to protect one’s work against infringement, the owner should put the world on notice about their rights. This is to primarily caution those who may violate the law unintentionally and take legal action against those who chooses to ignore. The most common way of ensuring visibility and creating notice is by putting marks of trademarks and patents on their products. The marks can also be accompanied by the date on which the protection was assigned. Since patents can consume time, certain measures are put in place to deter others from copying the work. Commonly, the invention is marked with â€Å"patent pending† in such cases (Merges 18). As stated earlier, an event of infringement may necessitate the need for suing the offender. However, it is important to consult an attorney before taking a legal action to assert that the litigation correlate with their best interests. The fact is that the prosecution of infringement cases is very expensive. Therefore, upon probing, the court may deem the case non-extensive and invalid (Merges 19). This may come to the surprise of the owner who could have strongly believed in the validity of his/her rights. On the bright side, if the litigation is successful, various resolutions can be reached. An injunction stopping the infringer from carrying on what is then considered as a breach can be ordered. This may be supplemented with payments to the owner to cater for the damages incurred. Alternatively, the owner and infringer can come to a consensus. The agreement usually allows the infringer to continue using the intellectual property for a fee, which is paid to the owner. It can include the acknowledgment of the owner’s work. Therefore, the intellectual property law has proven to be effective and lucrative. Many individuals and companies have made chunks of money following successful lawsuits. On the other end, the law has also seen profitable firms and rich individuals become bankrupt. It explains why the world is experiencing a surge in companies specializing in intellectual property law. Nevertheless, the need for an attorney in this process cannot be over-emphasized. Lawyers pl ay a crucial role in preserving integrity within the bounds of intellectual property law. Computer Ethics Loads of research works have endeared to examine the ethical issues surrounding this area. The issues are closely related to the Internet. While the society is concretely benefiting from the digital evolution, technology is also putting ethical issues in jeopardy. The presence of Internet is increasing difficulties in the protection of intellectual property (Andorno, Nils and Christian 34). The hard truth is that today people deliberately breach the law for personal interests, particularly financial gains. The Internet offers a wide array of information which is accessed with ease. Hence, people can copy, manipulate and distribute other people works. The case is especially so given the various tools that can facilitate manipulation. Unfortunately, technological advancement is stimulating a culture in which reality acquires different interpretations. While other see an opportunity to foster societal growth and development, some leverage these avenues and undertake immoral acts. Some theorists argue that the existence of intellectual property law is evidence that certain persons are expected to violate the rights of others (Andorno, Nils and Christian 28). Hence, the intellectual property law is influencing ethics in relation to the social, global, political and economic aspects. The mass production and consumption of information is at the center of the ethical matters. The world has shifted from the traditional technology intellectual property which was confined to media such as T.V and published books (Andorno, Nils and Christian 30). Today, information structure, computer networks, and World Wide Web have changed the conceptualization of media. Clearly, the future of computer ethics requires heightened measures in safeguarding creativity and innovation. The freedom of information should be followed with greater transparency revolving around intellectual property law. With the increasingly technological growth, there will be the need to modify the rules an d regulations around intellectual property in order to accommodate the revolution. Apparently, the protection of intellectual property promotes innovation. Without the laws, the intellectual assets of individuals and business will be compromised thus derailing the full benefits of creativity and innovation. There will be little/no incentives for people to concentrate on research and development. Therefore, it is pertinent for artists and inventors to be adequately compensated because their growth positively impacts the entire society.

Gender Inequality Essay - 1121 Words

Gender Inequality In The Home Remains An Issue In Family Life. Gender inqualities often stem from social structures that have instiutionalized conceptions of gender differences. Gender inequality has been around for centuries. In many family homes, their lives evolve around gender roles. The responibilties in the family are allocated to their sex (gender). There are certain tasks which are usually allocated to males and females. Some see this division as biologolical differences between the sexes and others see it happening in cultural backgrounds. There are sociological theories that have tended to see gender roles as natural and inevitable. Talcott Parsons, suggested that within the modern nuclear family it was essential that one†¦show more content†¦For the females of today we can pretty much do anything we like, join the army, be a prime misiter, run a company or be a stay at home mum. As the new century, today, we see a greatly altered family landscape in which dual-income and single parents families outnumber the ascendant two-parent, one-earner in the household. There is more single parent families nowadays. So they would be taking on the roles as the breadwinner and home maker. But its not just women doing this, there is a lot of men as single parents and broken families that have to take on these roles. So a lot has changed over the years. And there is more and more working parents. Gender role and inquality is not just geared towards women but also men. As much as women face inqualities, ther are many aspects about the world that’s is unfair towards men. The question remains, â€Å"will men and women ever be found equal?† My answer, no. Men and women are simply too different to be considered be treated the same. Yes, I do believe that men and women should be paid the same, and given equal and all opportunity, but as far as the biological sense g oes men and women have two completely different biological makeup. It is scientifically true that women are more nurturing whereas men are found to be much more competitive and aggressive. That is not to say that those traits can not be mixed upon the two genders, but there is still too much that keepsShow MoreRelatedEssay On Gender Inequality1127 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"superior† race/gender of a white male were typically treated as if they were less. Women and African-Americans aren’t being treated as bad today, but they’re still being treated worse than the white males of society. Even today, when white males are typically the leaders of society, it’s not always race and gender that creates inequality; sometimes it’s money that creates the issue. 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Empowering Team by using the Empowerment Strategies Free Sample

Question Write an Essay on Sport and Exercies. Answer: Introduction As a club coach am more fortunate to see the players twice a week for a given period of time, which differs from one club to another. The empowerment of the athlete can be carried through identification of the learning styles, which is the ability to make decision under pressure as well as encourage effective communication through the player and the coach (Montgomery, pg. 3). As a coach, I try to reach goals of making the best out of the athletes. I try to enhance awareness, discipline, courage, persistence as well as balance. As a baseball coach of Feeder team, I will empower on my team using the empowerment strategies I have learnt over the years from other legend coaches in order to help me overcome the weaknesses of the team and help them to perform much better. As a team we have not been doing well we have been down the table being beaten by my other teams. This time I want to empower my team and help them become the best and perhaps aim at getting the title this season (Montgom ery, pg. 1). The first thing to note about empowering of the athlete as a coach is that we should formulate a team culture which is very successful than to use the traditional approaches. An empowering approach is the one, which is ideal for the sport teams since it has the ability to give the athletes control as well as the choice that could enable them to make decision as they are competing (Kidman, Thorpe, Jones Lewis, 2001, pg. 37). Additionally, it has been found to bring fun to the athletes who are participating in a particular sport since they have a much greater internal motivation. I want to empower the players rather than attempting to control them. It is all about the power and who is wielding it. I want these athletes to have more freedom to make decision, which are in their best interest. This will be achieved through equipping the athletes with both the knowledge and the set of skills which are necessary to do so, instead of micromanaging their charge and keeping them dependent. The philosophy of the control is usually doomed as a failure simply because it is impossible for the coach to know as much as about the athlete could learn about themselves. The athletes usually decide on the ultimate outcome since they are the ones who are competing and not the coach. This essay will explore how I will empower the players of my club through various strategies. I have done research from some of the legends coaches such as Wayne Smith who was the All Black coaches Rugby team. As a coach, I will explain on the process of how I intend to empower my players so that we can improve our weaknesses and become one of the top Baseball team in New Zealand. It will be important for my part to build the character of the team players in order to enable them to take the responsibility for their preparation as well as performance. This is the basis of the of the empowerment approach. Further, every member of a team will have the ability of becoming a leader and they can communicate what they are seeing on the field. Any athlete who has worked under a coach who is great will say that they have been coached to coach themselves. This has been done in order to cultivate an understanding in the method, which fosters the belief in what they are doing and thus become confidence (Kidman, Thorpe, Jones Lewis, 2001. Pg. 91). The players should believe on the method, which I will use so that they could employ them if they desire to get better. A coach who is truly great would not claim to the victory but rather give the athletes on building their self-confidence. Weaknesses of the team The Feeder baseball team has been some problems over the last season they were playing. One such problem was that of coordination of the players while they were in playing. Most of the players lack the concentration to implement the moves we had rehearsed during the practice. Additionally, many of them are not motivated when they are playing. Some do not believe in themselves and this has greatly affected us to an extent we cannot beat the team that are not good as us. There has been issues related to the management such as issues of funds, which has made the team not to believe on themselves. I have been able to some extent to encourage them and assure things will become better in the future as the management is working hard with other sponsors to handle on these issues. The thing I want to focus is the strategies that would help my team to become one of the best team again as they used to be just as the past season. Strategies I will use for empowering the team As a coach, I believe that many players have the need especially when it comes to the learnt knowledge or perhaps the skill acquisition. Some time we can look at a player in the group especially if they could acknowledge if they could understand the instruction when I given them and assume the rest of the group could understand. I intend to use the learning style technique, which has been regarded over the years to be less innovative. I will identify the learning style of each off the players in order to utilize on the coaching strategies, which could match the style of the players (https://athleteassessments.com/athlete-learning-styles-must-have-coaching-toolbox/). I will categorize the players into two groups the active and the reflective learners. The active learners would want to drill, and run through a couple of times first then get into it. They will work as part of training group rather than them being individually. The reflective learners will want to think before the execut ion and they will require the time to understand. These two group will work together in order to complement on one another to be able to work as a team to bring the best of each other (Montgomery, 2). Adapting of the coaching learning style of the playing group will be very critical. In the event there is discrepancy, which is between the preferred mode of communication and the player mode of receiving this information, the learning of the required concept of the game could become inefficient. To solve the issue I will manage to coach the team on individual level and cater for personal learning style on a regular basis, the learning will become much more efficient and this will help them speak on themselves. Further, I intend to empower my team through encouraging them to study, to work or perhaps help in the community. It is important for the personal development of these athletes since they like innovation. I believe on the principle of honesty with the athletes is very important. It is important for the player to act on this principle and not just talk about it. To ensure that am successful to coach these individuals, they should have hungry attitude for accepting of the challenge and set a plan to them. Further, the coach should be in a position to give them the opportunity for them working on their weaknesses. The coaches should always help the athletes to improve from their weaknesses (Kidman, Thorpe, Jones Lewis, 2001, pg. 90). Additionally I will find the right individuals for the job. Every coach needs the right people who are going in the right direction. These individuals should have a strong vision which every individual is part of formulating. Further, they should ensure th at there are best system as well as processes, which have been set up, and the individuals are committed to excellence and they are consistent to the work habits. As a coach, I have learnt game sense approach, which I believe, will be very essential towards the success of the team. This approach can encourage the players to both understand as well appreciate the game they are playing (Forrest, Webb Pearson, 2007 pg. 10). Additionally, it could enable them to make decisions which are informed, take of the ownership for their learning as well as be able to exercise the choice and control over how they could play the game (Kidman, Thorpe, Jones Lewis, 2001 pg.91). The game sense could help the coaches to develop the non-traditional approach to help the athletes to learn. The game sense can have an influence on the thinking as well as the development of the empowerment approach. The benefit, which will be brought by using this technique, is the ability of increasing of the intrinsic motivation of the players. Learning of the game sense could be part of the empowerment approach, which is like learning other skill (Forrest, Webb Pearson, 2007, pg . 11). Am much prepared to train it as well as search for other ways in which to continue on the development of this strategy since I believe will be a good way to develop my team. Empowerment as coach have understood it as the process of the change. In order for the players to take power, they need to gain information in regards to themselves and their environment and they should be willing to identify and work with other players in order to make changes in the team. The process of empowerment has been regarded as an interactive process to which the players experience personal as well as social change, thus enabling them to take action in order to influence over their team (Duncan Brummett, 1993, pg. 3). The development process of the players usually include various stages such as the entry point, the advancement, incorporation what they have learnt and the commitment in order to achieve the best result for their teams. The entry point is usually motivated by the fact of their personal experience of some event or perhaps condition which have happened over the past. I believe the input of these players will encourages creative thinking. The players will need t o play the game, to enable the ideas as well as the ways of reading the game to be relevant to the training they had undertaken. As a coach, I have learnt more and have continued to improve on the way to instill knowledge and skills to the team players. As I develop on the team one of my goals would be to become organize a team environment as well as cultivate on a culture. The technique, which could be used to help a team to succeed, would be the establishment of a vision team as well at attitude through creating of a video, which put together groundbreaking (Kidman, Thorpe, Jones Lewis, 2001 pg.91). The use of the video would help setting of the scene, which is prior to facilitating of the vision of the team, values as well as the attitudes. When the players see the video one could see the response on how they would react which can be the starting point of some confidence to forge forward towards achievement of success of the team. Additionally, the coaches could use towards the empowerment of the players such initiative could include training in different ways, creation of the team song and team building a ctivities in other ways. During the period of training as a team, we will go through the game, discuss on some issues such as statistics and agree where to improve most. I will be checking this on a weekly basis in order to ensure there is consistency of the changes we had discussed as well as ensure the new concepts are implemented. This process is important since the Feeder team players will gain the skills. I want these players to grasp the idea where they are performing which will include the tactics and the development of the skills. Conclusion As a team, my biggest role is to encourage the players to be self-aware individual as well as improve on their thinking to enable them to be consistent during the training, which will help boost on our team, which has been performing, poorly especially in the last season. The techniques, which I intend to implement, are the learning style and the game sense approach, which have been widely used, and they have been found to be much effective. With my own improvement of these techniques, I believe I can improve on my baseball team. References Duncan, M. C., Brummett, B. (1993). Liberal and radical sources of female empowerment in sport media. Sociology of Sport Journal, 10(1), 57-72. Accessed At: https://www.fitnessforlife.org/AcuCustom/Sitename/Documents/DocumentItem/9719.pdf. Forrest, G. J., Webb, P., Pearson, P. (2007). Games for understanding in pre service teacher education: a'game for outcome'approach for enhanced understanding of games. Accessed At: https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1657amp;context=edupapers#page=60 Kidman, L., Thorpe, R., Jones, R. L., Lewis, C. (2001). Developing decision makers: An empowerment approach to coaching. IPC Print Resources. Montgomery, S. Empowerment of the playerby understanding the player. Accessed At: https://www.aru.com.au/Portals/23/Empowerment%20of%20the%20Player,%20by%20un derstanding%20the%20Player.pdf https://athleteassessments.com/athlete-learning-styles-must-have-coaching-toolbox/

War Poetry Essay Example For Students

War Poetry Essay This becomes obvious when nee reads a poem by a chosen poet, as Jessie Pope was for getting the troops to sign up, while Wilfred Owen had a completely anti-war persona, which had developed after fighting in the First World War. I shall describe fully and deeply in the upcoming paragraphs the attitudes of both the authors. It all began in August 1914. Otherwise known as the Great War. The cause of it all was the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, whom was the heir to the Austrian throne at that time. This killing happened on the 28th June 1914 in Bosnia, a province that Austria had seized in 1908. We will write a custom essay on War Poetry specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Austria suspected that Serbia had plotted the murder and so attacked Serbia. Russia supported Serbia; therefore Germany declared was on Russia, and France had stood by the Dual Alliance it had made with Russia. Great Britain and the Commonwealth, France, Belgium, Russia, Serbia and Japan formed the Allies, later to be Joined by the United States, Italy, Romania, Greece and several other countries. On the other side were the central powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. Which were soon Joined by Turkey and later, Bulgaria. The chief cause of the war was Germanys desire to bread and to obtain more colonies for its growing population and trade. Its powerful neighbor, Germany, dragged the empire of Austria-Hungary into the conflict. When the war began, most of large nations on the European mainland were ready with armies of several million men raised by a Analysis Whos for the game is a conversational poem through which Jessie Popes representation of war encapsulates the Jingoistic opinion of her culture: that war was fun, Jovial and full of glory that any young man could earn if only he had the courage. In essence, this poem is based around the comparison of war to a sporting game and n lines 1 and 2 we can see this metaphor being created with the words The game, the biggest thats played and game of a fight. . This lighthearted tone continues when Pope utilizes the idea linking nature of rhyme to contrast the courageous options and the cowardly options, as can be seen in lines 2 and 4. After reading these lines, it is clear to the reader that Pope has represented war as a game noble and glorious. On line 11 Pope suggests that the worst thing that could happen too soldier is to return home on crutches not death and on lines 7 and 8 Pope asks every young an if they want to take part in the show of war or if they want to Just sit in the stands. These 3 lines make evident the crux of the second side to Popes representation. In saying that the worst thing that could possibly happen to a soldier is coming home on crutches, Pope has represented war as not only noble and glorious but harmless! The modern world hadnt yet experienced war on as large or costly scale as World War 1 and Jessie pope was only one of many poets whose poems are evidence of this fact. Whos For The Game is a quintessential Jingoistic poem of that time one that presents war as honorable, noble, and ultimately, a glory machine for which to work one must only have the same amount of courage that is needed to play a game of sport. War Poem Analysis In this essay I am going to be analyzing three poems and them comparing them to each other. I am going to be talking about the differences and the similarities of the poems. First I am going to be talking about the three poems in detail. The poem I am going to be analyzing now is Whos for the Game by Jessie Pope. This poem was meant to inspire and make young men Join the war against the opposition. Jessie Pope was a poem writer in the time of the first world war. She wrote a lot of poems like this but this is the most famous. Wholl grip and tackle the Job unafraid? And who thinks hed rather sit tight? In this line she is trying to communicate that if you dont go then you are a coward because you would rather sit tight while all your friends are fighting for their country. Who wants a turn to himself in the show? And who wants a seat in the stand? In this line she says that if you go then youll be famous and respected. If you dont then you will have to watch your friends being expected and appreciated and have none for yourself. Who knows it wont be a picnic-?not much-? Yet eagerly shoulders a gun? I think in this line she communicates that she does understand the evils of war. .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f , .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f .postImageUrl , .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f , .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f:hover , .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f:visited , .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f:active { border:0!important; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f:active , .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc9b5eac070342e23feadac3bf2c89e4f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Shelley's novel EssayShe says in this line whether or not you are ready to hold a gun with the intentions of killing someone. Come along, lads In this line she uses colloquial language again trying to get young men to Join the cause. In the last stanza she is trying to make people feel patriotic. Inform country is up to her neck in a fight, And shes looking and calling for you. She is ring to say that the country is in war and its calling to you to help. She also callas Britain a she and calling an object a she is showing a sign of affection to it. She is also calling Britain your mother like a motherland. I think this poem is very effective at making people patriotic and proud. For the Job that it had it was very effective. Many people think that this poem is Jessie Pope Page 1 of 2 An analysis of Whos for the Game? By Jessie Pope War is a highly debatable topic that has influenced many poets. An issue that is important in Jessie Popes 1914 poem Whos for the game? This essay will explore a range of literary devices used within the poem to help analyses the explicit and implicit meanings. Furthermore, it will use appropriate literacy terminology to back up quotes within the poem. Additionally, this essay will analyses the structure of the poem to show how meaning is conveyed. Pope, a naive poet, speaks of a highly debatable topic known to man. However, she makes reference to the war as being a game, she suggests that it is The biggest thats played though, she does not anticipate the destruction which war may bring. The poem is reliant on propaganda which relied heavily on mens guilt. It could be seen that this encouraged men to fight and defend their county. This is shown through a literary device, a metaphor. An example being, And who wants a seat in the stand the use of this device prominently states that suspecting the war will result in deepest regret because they are not defending their country. It could be suggested that the emphasis of the metaphor helped influence mens participation in the war. Arguably, though Pope promotes the so called glory of war, it is seen that not protecting their country could result in an invasion. Here, Pope addresses that without soldiers at war, their country could be destroyed. Alternatively, Pope makes use of personification indicating the realism of war. She writes, Inform country is up to her neck in a fight. Here, the poet personifies their country as a woman, implying that the war is at its most extreme. This addresses the men that their country needs them the most at this point in time. In contrast, it is clear that the implicit meaning of this literary device exposes the brutality of war, vicious and scary. Jessie Pope has written her poem in a conversational manner making Whos for

Compare features of individual lifestyle approach with the New Public Health Approach

Compare features of individual lifestyle approach with the New Public Health Approach Approach constituting to better health for all Australians.The new public health is primarily about empowering individuals, encouraging community participation and recognising social determinants of health in health promotion programs and initiatives. It also provides us with a holistic view of health whereby interacting factors influence health. It's aim is to increase community action and participation this is done by the encouragement of healthy public policy, intersectoral collaboration and social support.The Individual lifestyle Approach assumes people can take control over their own health, it uses the blame mentality where the ill individual is the one responsible for ill health, also it supports the belief that the supply of resources solves health problems. It aims to primarily encourage individuals to take control over health by changing their own lifestyle behaviour. This view of health is limited because it is narrow minded and fails to define social factors that influenc e health and the basic fact that not everyone is able to fully take control of their health.HealthE.g. such social factors include: socio-economic status, education, religious and cultural backgrounds.Features of the individual lifestyle approach and the New Public Health Approach show us their effect on the community as a whole and aim to achieve to promote better health for all Australians. Australia has moved towards the New Public Health Approach to health promotion mainly due to the simplistic understanding and the limitations of the individual lifestyle approach.

Technical Report Writing

Technical Report Writing Researchers spend much of their time investigating and determining why or how things happen. Once they do this, they need to compose their findings in such a manner that it can be presented clearly and precisely to others. This is called technical report writing. It’s only by doing this that the researcher can convey his findings to others. Technical report writing is an incredibly important ability for anyone in the research or technical field. Using a technical report to explain your findings and how you arrived at that conclusion is vital to every researcher. Technical reports communicate to readers in such a way that everyone can learn from your research. It makes your hard work more accessible. Coming up with a thesis is important in technical report writing. By doing so one can maintain a tightly controlled report that addresses the main components. In technical report writing make sure that these following items are clearly stated. The report should be dated with your name and affiliation. This is so everyone will have no question about who performed the research and findings. Good technical report writing will contain a short paragraph that summarizes what your paper is about. A reader should be able to scan this paragraph in technical report writing and get a very good idea of what the whole paper is about. Choose appropriate keywords such as to assist others in locating your paper for their own research purposes. Write clearly and concisely so that others may read and understand what you are trying to explain. Technical report writing will often include graphs and diagrams to illustrate the data from the research. Keep your focus on the content of your paper, include the details of your work, the problems encountered, questions that arose and the consequences or your actions towards the research. Make sure that the beginning and last sentence of every paragraph clearly states the body of the paragraph and summarizes appropriately. Technical report writing involves precision in writing. Always explain the points clearly for the readers, even when it might be overkill. Since research often includes more than one individual’s participation, always give credit to them by acknowledging them in your technical report writing. When writing your report, cite references used in the research so that the reader can identify other related works. Always explain how those references affected your research. Technical report writing should be neat and organized. Don’t skip around all over the paper with any one specific action in regards to the research. For example, if you were to explain your methods in conducting the research, explain the methods completely in one section of your technical report writing. Don’t explain parts of the method in several different paragraphs scattered throughout the report. Decide before you do your technical report writing how you want to organize and in what order. Then write according to the organization that you’ve established. In technical report writing it’s important to make references back to the methods if necessary throughout the report but your main explanation of the methods should be contained within that one section. Simply reporting data and findings is not what technical report writing is about. The writer needs to spend time analyzing the data and show what your interpretation of the information is. Thoroughly discuss all the different aspects that have arisen due to your research, whether it’s negative or on the positive side. Technical report writing is expanding on facts with good writing that hooks the reader’s attention.

Moral Use of Force Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Moral Use of Force - Essay Example The authors, Brunstetter and Braun, in this article make the recount of the position that war is vast and as such, Walzer did distinguish the aspect that the recent war approaches, entailing unjust war where use of drones and spying aspects of practice, are not as predictable in outcome as the full-scale attack which entails use of force. However, the course of discussion in the text is the issue that irrespective of the rising models of war not having predictable catastrophic consequences, the fact remains they are unjust and such are morally illegal, despite the state's men using these arguments of their safety to justify and endorse them accordingly. The course as advanced in Jus ad Vim the issue of just use of force is notably a course of ethical framework to govern the state-sponsored use of force against other states or non-state actors within and outside the territory of the nation, which is contrary to the traditionally defined confines of war (Brunstetter & Braun, 2013). The political approach of the argument with respect to the understanding of this issue, as the authors of this article outline, it is a justifiable course. This is considering the implications it has on part of the government and the troops involved in the war. Notably, this political factor entails that the use of Jus ad Vim unlike the conventional war, brings the troops diminished risks especially from suffering attack that could prove destructive. Further, the aspect of advancing this war is less predictable.

Module 7 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Module 7 - Case Study Example Both these can be utilized to effectively achieve the objective at hand. 2. Being a group product manager at Proctor & Gamble there are several ways in which the information available from the store audit can be effectively utilized to increase overall laundry detergent sales and increase overall productivity. As a group product manager it is my responsibility to keep in mind that whether the goal is to shrink or comply with regulatory requirements a thorough store level audit process is significant to protect and authenticate company assets and facilitate the reporting process. Furthermore it also provides the administration with real time information that plays a big role when it comes to concentrating on identifying and resolving issues. The value of store audit information is reflected in the core advantages that result from the use of audit technology that enhance major aspects of a business. These being, enhanced audit productivity, improved operational effectiveness and superi or reporting capabilities. Reference Malhotra, N K (2010), Marketing Research, An Applied Orientation, 6th edn, Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey

How does Shakespeare examine the themes of revenge in Hamlet Essay Example for Free

How does Shakespeare examine the themes of revenge in Hamlet Essay The revenge tragedy established itself within Elizabethan theatre as a tremendously popular genre. The style of the play had gradually evolved from the works of Seneca, an ancient Roman playwright. Once translated these plays performed, steadily rose in popularity, with plays such as Middletons The Changeling, Kids The Spanish Tragedy and Tourneurs The Revengers Tragedy being most popular. The typical revenge tragedy play has several important conventions within it, which are key to the genre. see more:revenge hamlet A five part structure of: Exposition, anticipation, confrontation, partial execution and completion, portray the central character the revenger, discovering the deed he must avenge, wrestling with his conscience over the justification and validity of the act, then planning and eventually executing the act of revenge. Often Jacobean revenge tragedy often questioned the revengers morality. How far does the task of revenge affect the revenger? How far does it taint the person? How can the audience be sure the protagonists madness is not actually real? Is it possible that the conflicting morality suffered by him brings unto the revenger real madness and mental instability? The questions over morality are furthered by the death of the protagonist another generic feature. Elizabethans generally firmly believed in the concepts of heaven and hell, dying without forgiveness from God would mean eternity in perdition like the limbo in which Old Hamlet is in, in Hamlet When I to my sulphrous and tormented flames Must render up myself. As the revenger usually dies at the end of the play after carrying out revenge, he dies without the chance of confession and absolution. This means the act of murder has not been forgiven. Inevitably this leads us to assume the protagonist will spend eternity in hell. We can debate the authenticity of the spirit demanding for revenge. If they were once a loved one of the revenger why would they make them vow to perform a deed, which would lead them to damnation? Could it be that the spirit is not in fact the spirit of the deceased but an evil spirit taking their form, tricking the revenger? After dispensing with some of the generic features, such as narrative by the ghost, it retains many of the conventions of the revenge tragedy. Hamlet is summoned to avenge the murder of his father, by his fathers spirit, the murderer being Hamlets uncle, now stepfather and newly crowned King Claudius. Hamlet feigns madness to disguise his intentions of revenge and has a play entitled The Mousetrap performed, in which the murder of Old Hamlet is re-enacted. On preparing to kill Claudius Hamlet is set back by Claudius asking for forgiveness from God in a moment of prayer. This leads to an inevitable climax, which results in the death of Hamlet, Claudius and Laertes in a typically bloody ending. All of these events are to be expected from a revenge tragedy. Further more, Hamlet contains several scenes, key to its portrayal of the revenge theme. In act one, scene five Hamlet follows the supposed spirit of his father and is informed of his fathers murder I am thy fathers spirit sleeping in mine orchid a serpent stung me. This scene conveys the task of revenge being set, the whole of the play hinges on this event. The imagery within this scene is also telling. Old Hamlet is dressed in battle fatigue, thus symbolizing him as a war-king; the audience having been informed of the war he started against Old Fortinbras. This suggests that Old Hamlets position in hell is right and not solely due to him being unable to confess before his untimely death. This suggests repercussion on whether or not Hamlets soul will actually be damned, having not confessed but essentially living a good life. If the nature of damnation does in fact relay solely on whether or not one has lived a good life, and not whether or not one has confessed ones sins, then it is possible Hamlet has gone to heaven, thus Shakespeare can be seen to be subverting the ideas of religion within the revenge tragedy genre. Young Fortinbras comments Bear Hamlet like a solider, in death Hamlet is viewed as a hero, in this context it is not difficult to assume he has escaped damnation The theme of kingship is continued in Act two, scene two. We are presented with an image of Claudius, which is in direct contrast to the one presented of his predecessor. Talk of Claudius averting war with Young Fortinbras, shows the new king to be one which favours diplomacy to war. Surely such a king is more advantageous for Denmark than a bloodthirsty leader like the image we are presented of Old Hamlet. This furthers the question of whether Hamlet has enough moral justification to take a life, especially one that is so beneficial to the country. This scene is also important as the first signs of Hamlet feigning madness are demonstrated to the audience. In act three, scene two the feature of a play within a play is portrayed. Claudius is outraged by what he sees Give me some light. Away. Hamlet interprets Claudius reaction to the play as unequivocal proof of his guilt. This a crucial turning point in the play. Up to now Hamlet has been unsure of whether or not to perform his duties. That he is assured by Claudius reaction (poor evidence in hindsight) may illustrate Hamlets degradation by the mission he has been set. Ill take the ghosts word for a thousand pound In Act three, scene four the death of Polonius can be seen to serve multiple purposes. In its most insignificant form it leads Ophelia further into the madness, which eventually leads to her death. Also it demonstrates how the revenge plot has affected Hamlet A bloody deed. Almost as bad as kill a king and marry his brother. He has killed, in cold blood and without provocation, the father of his love and yet seems to show little remorse. Can Hamlet still be seen as the hero of the play when he himself is placed in the same situation as Claudius? Polonius death introduces a secondary revenge plot. Laertes now has to avenge his fathers death, inviting the audience to compare Laertes and Hamlet as revenger. The alleged actions of Claudius have provoked a cycle of revenge plots, in which all involved are led to their deaths. The penultimate scene of the play affects the resolution of the three revenge plots. Hamlet and Laertes both achieve revenge, in doing they so they sacrifice their earthly bodies and possibly their eternal souls. Young Fortinbras revenge on Denmark for his country as he and his armies easily occupy, thus turning previous defeats on their head. Both Hamlet and Laertes at the beginning of the play were both well-liked and talented men; Hamlet had the possibilities of becoming king bestowed upon him. Yet at the end each die as a murderer who is damned to Hell. Hamlet in this form can be seen as a severe commentary on the idea of revenge, that it is the role of God to act upon those who have wronged, not the individuals. A modern audience may read Hamlet in ways different to that of a Jacobean counterpart would have viewed it in. Themes of religion are very strong in the play, and while an Elizabethan audience may have had a strong belief in the concepts of divine retribution, a modern audience may be less convinced by this. Religion is not as central to modern life as it was in the era the play was written. Thus issues such as deeds on earth having direct consequences on a persons fate in the afterlife- a crucial part of the genre, lessen in their importance.

Enders Game :: Literature Books Science Fiction Essays

EndersGamePaper Paradigms are very powerful because they create the lens through which we see the world. Our paradigms, whether correct or incorrect, shape our lives in a profound way. They are the source of our behavior and attitudes and ultimately shape all of our relationships. The power of a paradigm shift, whether it be instantaneous or developmental, allows us to change from one way of seeing the world to another. In the novel Enders Game by Orson Scott Card, the main character Ender Wiggin demonstrates his unique ability to paradigm shift during his training at battle school, and later as a commander in making tactical decisions. In order for a paradigm shift to occur we must take a break from tradition and old ways of thinking. We must not be constrained by what is currently accepted and understood. A great example of a paradigm shift is the story of the Egyptian astronomer Ptolemy who believed the earth was the center of the universe. When Copernicus challenged this paradigm he was met with great resistance and persecution. The idea of the sun, not the earth, being the center of the universe was not something ancient astronomers wanted to accept for many years. The implications of this paradigm shift were far reaching, it changed everything we understood and thought we knew about our universe. Even as a young child of six years old Andrew Ender Wiggin must use his judgment to constantly overcome physical and emotional challenges. During an aggressive confrontation at school, Ender is taunted and tormented by a school bully named Stilson and his gang of followers. Even though Ender is unprepared and outnumbered, he is able to quickly evaluate the situation and conclude that the interaction cannot have a happy ending. Instead of simply deciding on a strategy to win this fight, he looks at the situation in a whole new light. He chooses not to be the victim anymore. Ender engages Stilson in a fight and to his surprise is able to knock him to the ground. As Stilson lies helpless on the ground, Ender proceeds to kick him in the ribs and groin until he can no longer even move or make a sound. Why does Ender continue to beat on someone who is no longer a threat? He knows that he must not only win this fight, but he must win all the next ones too.

Systems Development Life Cycle

* Write a 200-word paragraph outlining the phases of SDLC and identifying the different personnel that participate in this process. There are many phases involved in SDLC, starting from the beginning is system investigation. This involves professionals looking into the business problem that needs to be solved, and also taking a deeper look at the problems that could come while developing an IT system for a business. The second stage, systems analysis, can only begin once the â€Å"development project† has been approved. Once approved, a team of workers begin the system analysis. They go into more detail about what the business problem is, how it will be solved, and the very specific information needed to find the solution. Once that is finished system developers begin the system design phase. It must be explained how the system will accomplish its task. Fourth is programming, computer programmers must fully explain the specific design into computer code. Many times the computer programmers work in teams, because of how detailed and how long the process can be. Proper testing is then needed to be sure that computer code can work, and do exactly what the company needs to IT program to do. The next phase is then changing from the old system, and transferring to the new system. Three strategies are used to aid in the implementation phase: direct conversion, pilot conversion, and phased conversion. The operation phase can then begin, where the new system is now the system the company uses. Last is maintenance, which many times will continue the whole time the system is in operation. There is debugging and updating done so that the system can continue to be used for the company and meet the company’s needs.

China Child Policy Essay

One of the things that people love and appreciate about the U.S.A is the fact that it’s a free country. There is about 322 million people that live in the U.S, each day marks thousands of new lives and deaths. Some people, like myself enjoy big and crowded families so they usually have more than 1 child. Now imagine having three kids and have two of them taken away from you because you’re not supposed to have more than 1. It sounds unfair and controlling but in China the â€Å"one child policy takes place†. China’s one child policy was first announced in 1979 by the Chinese president Deng Xiaoping as a method of controlling the fast growing population to help raise living standards. The policy limits couples to one child. In 1983 fourteen million women in china had abortions forced and organized by the same family-planning committee that killed Feng’s baby. In 2009, there were six million abortions. Now the government is working on letting certain c ouples have an extra child but only if both parties were born under the one child policy and had no siblings growing up. That way they prevent a drastic decrease in the population. I, personally think it’s unfair and too controlling of the Chinese government to control how many kids a family can have because it’s cruel and unfair to break up families like that. If a woman dares to get pregnant a second time, fines, pressures to abort the baby, and even forced sterilization will accompany her through her second pregnancy. For example a 23 year-old Chinese girl called Feng Jiamei was forced into abortion in the seventh month of pregnancy, the baby was killed by local Chinese â€Å"family-planning officials.† For one thing, people should have the freedom to decide how big a family they want. China’s once child policy takes away Chinese people’s human rights. Most Chinese kids don’t know what it feels like to have siblings, aunties, uncles, cousins etc. The Chinese government basically a dictatorship because they tell people how to run their families. China’ s one child policy takes away from the people’s human rights and I believe the Chinese population should rise up against the government and the â€Å"one child policy† policy because that’s unfair and the punishments such as forced abortion and sterilization are cruel and unusual. Chinese people need to rise up one day and let their voices be heard.

The Tall Woman and Her Short Husband Essays

The Tall Woman and Her Short Husband Essays The Tall Woman and Her Short Husband Paper The Tall Woman and Her Short Husband Paper In section four we see the tailor and his wife swap lodgings with Mrs. Tall. We feel sympathy for her. The tailors wife does not feel guilt at all and assumes that Mrs. Tall will remarry. This makes us detest her even more. When Mr. Short returns both characters have changed, they have become even more contrasted. They both seemed shocked yet they know that their personality has not changed so they get back to their normal routine. They became inseparable again. This word tells us how together they are and how much they love each other. They were meant to be together. We feel even guiltier about how we laughed before but we are also relieved that they have been reunited. Disaster strikes again when Mrs. Tall has a stroke. She can hardly walk and is very weak. When they are walking around the gardens at Unity Mansions her short husband, by using a rope, helps he raise her left foot. It is described as pathetic. This word is there to arouse our sympathy and make us feel sorry for them. The residents of Unity Mansions nod at the couple now whenever they meet. This shows that they and also we should respect them for this pathetic yet impressive sight. In section five Mrs. Tall dies. Death and life were equally cruel to her, these words tell us that throughout her life everything was cruel and hard. We feel that it is unfair that she had to die after all she ahs been through. The short husband gets his job back and his pay. The tailors wife spotting a rich single man cannot wait to set him up with her niece. This shows us that she is hypocritical because she accused Mrs. Tall of marrying him for his money. When she arrives at the gatehouse she sees that Mr. Shorts face is black and she sees the photo of them in their wedding day on the wall. I think she has a strange feeling of guilt, she then retreats and does not mention her niece. Mr. Short never remarried but when it rained the author tells us that we can see him holding the umbrella up high. There is a big empty space under that umbrella a vacuum that nothing on earth can fill, this quote is the very last sentence of the story. It is very hard hitting and makes us think. Once again the author had shown us how he was devoted to her and she was to him. During the story the author manages to evoke many responses by showing and describing to us how the residents if Unity Mansions do and then we mimic their reactions. Through each stage of the story we react exactly the same as they do.

Royal Order of Adverbs

Royal Order of Adverbs Royal Order of Adverbs Royal Order of Adverbs By Jacquelyn Landis Recently, I wrote about the Royal Order of Adjectives. Not surprisingly, there’s also a Royal Order of Adverbs. When you write a sentence that has more than one adverb, there is a loose order in which you should arrange them: Manner Place Frequency Time Purpose In a sentence with five (yikes!) such adverbs, it would go like this: Harrison runs dutifully (manner) around the track (place) every morning (frequency) before breakfast (time) to prepare for the marathon (purpose). Adverbs, however, have much more flexibility than adjectives, and you could easily move one or more to the beginning of the sentence: To prepare for the marathon, Harrison runs dutifully around the track every morning before breakfast. or Every morning before breakfast, Harrison runs dutifully around the track to prepare for the marathon. Normally, such a lengthy string of adverbs would be unusual. Furthermore, the order for adverbs is far more fluid than the order for adjectives. So although this is a reliable guideline, you’re free to choose the order that best emphasizes what you think is important in your sentence. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Signs and Symbols You Should KnowList of Greek Words in the English Language15 Names and Descriptions of Effects

China's top economic challenges to maintain as one of the fastest Essay

China's top economic challenges to maintain as one of the fastest growing economies - Essay Example GDP has grown swiftly at an average of 10 percent a year whereas over 500 million people have risen above the poverty line. A gradual shift from a centrally-planned to a market-oriented mixed economy, which is based on the market demand and supply mechanisms, has largely contributed towards China’s economic boost. Since the economic liberalization began in 1978, China’s economy has grown around a hundred times. China has recently emerged as an investment-driven, export-led economic giant. Factors leading towards this enthralling progress include salient economic reforms. Foreign trade structure has been de-centralized and efforts have been made to integrate into the international trading system. China became a member of  Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation  (APEC) group in November 1991, a step believed to promote liberated two-way cooperation in the economical, regional trade and technological fields. The induction into trade organizations such as World Trade Organiz ation (WTO) in 2001 was also a healthy move to escalate China’s trade figures as WTO required the Chinese government to further liberalize and deregulate trade. Fostering foreign-invested industries has also lent a helping hand towards China’s export growth. All these reforms aggregated into China becoming the fastest paced growing major economy not only in the region but also in the world. ... Today, the government and the policy makers of China have concerns regarding many issues which have arisen as the by-products of intense economic expansion in the country (Zhang 2003). Firstly, one of the major challenges faced by the Chinese economic growth is the prominent US accusation of ‘manipulating’ the Chinese currency. Over the past few years, the official currency of China, Yuan, has been held in a floating exchange rate system, though only allowed a very narrow margin to fluctuate. Many in the US however urge for a more flexible exchange rate which pivots around the market equilibrium determined by the market forces of currency demand and currency supply. Despite of the fact that Yuan has been allowed to fluctuate more liberally and has even risen by 20% in value against the US Dollar since 2005, Japan, European Union and US yet accuse China that it manipulates its currency by deliberately keeping it at a low exchange rate in relation to the US Dollar with a v iew to make the US products less competitive and, simultaneously, the Chinese goods and services more competitive and relatively cheaper than the US goods. This lowered currency rate leads to a rise in Chinese exports whereas US exports decline. A large amount of trade deficit suffered by the US in trade with China adds to the gravity of the accusation. Concerns for China regarding this issue are that the US, World Trade Organization or APEC might impose trade sanctions on China for its ‘problematic’ currency exchange rate. These sanctions may prove very costly for the growing Chinese economy as the world’s second largest economy is principally led by mass amount of exports to its

Sould the Soviet Union Be Regarded As a Socialist, Communist or Essay

Sould the Soviet Union Be Regarded As a Socialist, Communist or Totalitarian State - Essay Example This paper will discuss whether the Soviet Union should be regarded as a socialist, communist or a totalitarian state. Socialist State A socialist state is a state that practices economics under which productive properties such as corporations are wholly owned by the state. It is the state that determines everything that takes place in these companies. In this regard, in a socialist state, the economic systems consist of well organized production which directly satisfies the economic requirements and needs of the people so that the products and services would then be produced for consumption instead of for individual profit. In a socialist state, the political system is composed of many arrays of political philosophies. These include revolutionary socialism and reformism (Gonner 2010). Communist state A communist state is one in which the government is in charge of the overall economy of the state. Under this system of government, a single party dominates the political system. It dif fers from the socialist state in that with the communist state, people in common have control over property. The communist state is based on a system that everybody irrespective of place, class or country has the power to own factories, tools and farms used in the production of goods and services. Therefore, there is no private ownership of property in the communist state. ... This is evident in counties like France, Italy and India (Pipes 1997). Totalitarian State A totalitarian state is that system of government under which the government recognizes no limit to its jurisdictions, and tends to dictate every aspect of private and public life. Totalitarian states maintain political control through propaganda campaigns which in most cases spread through the state controlled media (Adler and Pouwels 2011 p.576). It is a single party rule marked by control over the economy, political repression and personality cultism. This system of government restricts freedom of expression, practices mass surveillance, and usually unleashes terror to intimidate those who are opposed to the powers that be. This system has been seen in Italy, and Nazi German. Adler and Pouwels (2011 p.575) note that the ideology in totalitarian states is distinctive, mobilizing, and monolithic in nature. Another feature prominent in this kind of system is state control of the overall economy done through preponderance of government ownership of the means of production. The Form of Government in the Soviet Union Harding, Political Studies Association of the United Kingdom, and the Communist Politics Group (1984 p.63) note that in the Soviet Union, institutional rivalry was prevalent. In this case, state institutions and some political parties had common interests which, sometimes, differing from those of other parties and state institutions. Localism and departmentalism existed within the governance structure (Harding, Political studies association of the United Kingdom and the Communist Politics Group 1984 p.63). Convert competition for political office done on the basis of cabinet politics was also prominent in the system. Harding, Political Studies Association of

Management and change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management and change - Essay Example Since other workers are part of the organisation, their views are also important in the change process (Marglin, 1974). However, the management may decide to use an approach that does not involve other workers in the decision-making process. Consequently, other workers may feel short-changed, and this affects negatively on employee involvement. In essence, the approach that the change agent uses in implementing new ideas in an organisation also has an impact on the overall performance. Most organisations tend to fail in terms of implementing new changes due to applying an unpopular approach. On the other hand, an ideal approach for implementing changes in an organisation should consider all issues that are pertinent to an organisation (Marglin, 1974). In this regard, a rational or technical approach is ideal for situations where the decision-making process involves consideration of different alternatives. A rational approach entails a systematic process where the management in additi on to relying on their skills and experience, considers various issues prior to implementing organisational change (Marglin, 1974). This paper explores the strengths and limitations of a rational-technical approach towards managing change. In a rational-technical approach to managing change in an organisation, the change agent considers a number of factors that can influence the change process (Knights & McCabe, 2003). Such factors include skills and experience of the manager or leader, the demands by followers and the prevailing situation in an organisation. With regard to skills and experience of a manager or a leader, a rational-technical approach requires the change agent to have knowledge of how an organisation operates. For instance, the manager needs to understand the environment that the organisation operates, vision and goals of the organisation, systems in the organisation, the change plan and

Precursores De La Teoria De La Calidad

Precursores De La Teoria De La Calidad Antes de hablar de la calidad debemos referirnos a sus precursores y sobre todo al padre de la misma quien es W. Edward Deming, quien ha recibido numeroso reconocimientos entre ellos podemos hacer mencià ³n de la medalla Shewhart dela Soc. Americana de Control de Calidad en 1956. Desde muy pequeà ±o el Dr. W. Edward Deming aprendià ³ que las cosas que se hacen bien desde el principio siempre acaban bien. El estadista, educador y precursor dela Calidad Total W. Edward Deming, fue desconocido por muchos aà ±os por las corporaciones americanas, Deming viajo a Japà ³n en 1950 a la edad de 49 y pudo enseà ±ar a los administradores, ingenieros y cientà ­ficos Japoneses como podà ­an producir calidad. Luego de treinta aà ±os despuà ©s vio un documental en televisià ³n en la cadena NBC, titulado, â€Å"Si Japà ³n puede, porque nosotros no† y es a la sazà ³n donde corporaciones como Ford, General Motors y Dow Chemical, solo por mencionar algunas de las prestigiosas empresas que se dieron cuenta de lo que estaba atravesando y buscaron de inmediato la asesorà ­a del Dr. Deming. La vida del Dr. Deming se transformo por completo y se volvià ³ un torbellino de consultas y conferencias. La temprana vida de Edward Deming fue caracterizada por la carencia y el trabajo duro. Nacià ³ en Sioux City Iowa el 14 de octubre de 1900. Su padre, quien pedio una demanda judicial en Powell, siempre fue un abogado luchador, pero esto lo hizo que cambiara a toda la familia de dicha ciudad cuando Deming tenà ­a apenas siete aà ±os. Vivieron en una casa humilde donde el preocuparse por que seria su prà ³xima comida era parte de su rà ©gimen diario. Ampliamente cotizado luego que Deming compartià ³ sus ahora famosos â€Å"14 puntos† y â€Å"7 pecados mortales† con algunas de las corporaciones mà ¡s grandes de Amà ©rica. Sus patrones de calidad se convirtieron en sitios comunes en los libros de administracià ³n, y el premio Deming, otorgado por primera vez en Japà ³n pero ahora reconocido internacionalmente, es ahora buscado por algunas de las corporaciones mà ¡s grandes del mundo. Cuando Deming tenà ­a sus ocho aà ±os salià ³ a trabajar a un hotel local, Deming se fue de Powell a la edad de 17 hacia Laraman, ala Universidadde Wyoming donde realizo sus estudios de ingenierà ­a. Y luego recibià ³ un Ph. D en Fà ­sicas Matemà ¡ticas enla Universidadde Yale en 1927 donde al mismo tiempo fue empleado como profesor. Deming recibià ³ muchas ofertas en la industria privada pero tomà ³ un empleo donde trabajarà ­a para el Departamento de Agricultura en Washington, D.C. Fue acà ¡ donde Deming tuvo la dicha de conocer a su esposa, Lola Sharpe, con quien contrajo matrimonio en el 1932, y fue presentado con su guà ­a, Walter Shewhart, un estadà ­stico para Laboratorios Bell y sus escritos impactaron su vida y aquà ­ donde se convirtieron en la base de sus enseà ±anzas. Durantela Segunda GuerraMundial, Deming de dedico a enseà ±ar a los tà ©cnicos e ingenieros americanos estadà ­sticas para que pudieran mejorar la calidad de los materiales de guerra. Fue e n este trabajo en donde atrajo la atencià ³n de los japoneses. Luego de la guerra,la Unià ³n Japonesade Cientà ­ficos e Ingenieros buscà ³ a Deming. Y en julio de 1950, Deming se reunià ³ conla Unià ³nquien fue presentado con los administradores principales de las compaà ±Ãƒ ­as japonesas. Durante los treinta aà ±os siguientes, Deming dedicarà ­a todo su tiempo y esfuerzo a la enseà ±anza de los japoneses y de esta forma transformo su reputacià ³n en la produccià ³n de un motivo de risa a un motivo de admiracià ³n y elogio por las corporaciones. Es por esto que nos hacemos la siguiente pregunta  ¿Por quà © Deming fue todo un à ©xito en Japà ³n y desconocido por las corporaciones en Amà ©rica? Cuando Japà ³n estaba sumergido en una crisis en su economà ­a y en sus industrias le hicieron la invitacià ³n a Deming. Los Japoneses escucharon y cambiaron su forma de pensar, su estilo de como administrar, su trato a los empleados y se tomaron su tiempo. Tan solo c on seguir la filosofà ­a de Deming, los japoneses giraron al lado positivo su economà ­a y productividad por completo para dar paso y poder convertirse en los là ­deres del mercado mundial. Deming fue condecorado por el emperador Horohito con la medalla del Tesoro Sagrado de Japà ³n en su Segundo Grado por tan impresionante cambio que realizo. La mencià ³n decà ­a El pueblo de Japà ³n atribuyen el renacimiento de la industria Japonesa y su à ©xito mundial a Edward Deming No fue hasta la transmisià ³n del documental por NBC en Junio de 1980 donde se destaca el à ©xito industrial de Japà ³n que las corporaciones Americanas inician a prestar atencià ³n. Enfrentados por una produccià ³n decadente y costos increà ­blemente altos, los Presidentes de las corporaciones Americana iniciaron a consultar con Deming acerca de negocios. Se dieron cuanta que las tà ­picas soluciones rà ¡pidas y fà ¡ciles de las corporaciones Americanas ya no funcionaban. Los principios de Deming establecà ­an que mediante el uso de mediciones estadà ­sticas, una compaà ±Ãƒ ­a podrà ­a ser capaz de graficar como un sistema en particular estaba funcionando para luego desarrollar maneras para mejorar dicho sistema. A travà ©s de un proceso de transformacià ³n en avance, y siguiendo los Catorce Puntos y Siete Pecados Mortales, las compaà ±Ãƒ ­as estarà ­an en posicià ³n de mantenerse a la par con los constantes cambios del entorno econà ³mico. Obviamente, esto era mu cho mas largo, incluà ­a mas procesos de los que estaban acostumbrados las corporaciones Americanas; de aquà ­, la resistencia a las ideas de Deming. El Dr. Edward Deming estuvo disponible parala Amà ©rica corporativa para tà ©rminos de consulta y a individuales a travà ©s de sus escritos y tours de seminarios por los prà ³ximos trece aà ±os de su vida. En el 1993 murià ³, pero aun vive su trabajo. Sus Slogans de misià ³n, tales como el de Ford Calidad es el primer trabajo, son aun reconocidos en la industria; sus cursos empresariales son dictados aun usando sus principios como partes integrales del curriculum; y la abreviacià ³n TQM (Total Quality Management) es ampliamente conocido y comà ºnmente utilizado a travà ©s dela Amà ©rica corporativa. Kaoru Ishikawa Conocido como el gurà º de la calidad Kaoru Ishikawa, nacià ³ en la ciudad de Tokio, Japà ³n en el aà ±o de 1915, fue graduado dela Universidadde Tokio. Ishikawa y es hoy conocido como uno de los mà ¡s famosos gurà ºs de la calidad mundial. La teorà ­a de Ishikawa era manufacturar a bajo costo. Podemos encontrar dentro de su filosofà ­a de calidad que la calidad debe ser una revolucià ³n de la gerencia. El control de calidad es prà ¡cticamente desarrollar, diseà ±ar, manufacturar y mantener un producto de calidad. Algunos efectos dentro de empresas que se logran implementando el control de calidad son la reduccià ³n de precios, bajan los costos, se establece y mejora la tà ©cnica, entre otros. Kaoru Ishikawa tambià ©n dio a conocer al mundo sus siete herramientas bà ¡sicas para la calidad la cuales son: la grafica de pareto, el diagrama de causa efecto, la estratificacià ³n, la hoja de verificacià ³n, el histograma, el diagrama de dispersià ³n y la grafica de control de Schewhart. Podemos hacer mencià ³n de algunos de sus libros mà ¡s conocidos los cuales son: Que es el CTC, Guia de Control de calidad Herramientas de Control de Calidad. Kaoru Ishikawa en el Desarrollo dela Calidadnos dice que practicar el Control de Calidad (CTC) es desarrollar, diseà ±ar manufacturar y mantener un producto de calidad que sea el mà ¡s econà ³mico, el mà ¡s à ºtil y sobre todo el mà ¡s satisfactorio para el consumidor. En la Universidadde Tokio Ishikawa fue pedagogo y precursor de la Unià ³nof Japanese Scientists and Engineers (UJSE), la cual se ocupaba de promover la calidad dentro de Japà ³n mientras el ciclo de la post-guerra. Ishikawa inclusive durante gran parte de su vida originà ³ ideas revolucionarias de calidad. En el 1962, Ishikawa dio apertura a los ambientes de calidad en la Nippon Telegraph and Cable. Dando definicià ³n a los clientes como internos y externos de las organizaciones. Se puede decir que la carrera de Kaoru Ishikawa en algunas formas u otras es afà ­n a la historia econà ³mica del Japà ³n contemporà ¡neo. Ishikawa, en Japà ³n entero aprendieron sobre las bases del control de calidad estadà ­stico que los Americanos desplegaron. Pero como los logros econà ³micos del Japà ³n no son limitados a imitar productos extranjeros, los logros de calidad del Japà ³n e Ishikawa en particular van mas allà ¡ de la aplicacià ³n eficiente de ideas importadas. Es posible que la contribucià ³n mà ¡s importante de Ishikawa haya sido su rol en el desarrollo de una estrategia de calidad japonesa. La calidad para los Japoneses es parte de sus propias vidas, no solo la aplican de arriba a abajo en una empresa, sino que tambià ©n al producto, dentro del proceso de produccià ³n, tanto bajo el uso del cliente. Podemos decir que uno de los logros mà ¡s importantes de la vida de Kaoru Ishikawa fue contribuir al à ©xito de los ambientes de calidad. El diagrama de causa-efecto, habitualmente citado el diagrama de Ishikawa, posiblemente es el diagrama que lo hizo fundamentalmente conocido. Este diagrama ha manifestado ser una herramienta muy fuerte que puede ser simplemente utilizada para investigar y solucionar problemas, es tan simple que cualquier persona lo puede utilizar. A pesar que los ambientes de calidad se desplegaron primero en Japà ³n, se difundieron a mà ¡s de 50 paà ­ses, una expansià ³n que Ishikawa jamà ¡s se hubiera imaginado. Inicialmente, Ishikawa entendà ­a que los cà ­rculos dependà ­an de factores à ºnicos que se encontraban en la sociedad japonesa. Pero despuà ©s de ver cà ­rculos creà ¡ndose en Taiwà ¡n y Corea del Sur, à ©l teorizà ³ que los cà ­rculos de calidad pueden desarrollarse en cualquier paà ­s del mundo siempre y cuando dicho paà ­s utilizara el alfabeto Chino. El razonamiento de Ishikawa era que el alfabeto Chino, uno de los sistemas de escritura mà ¡s difà ­ciles pueden ser aprendidos solo con mucho estudio, el trabajo duro y el deseo de la educacià ³n en ese perà ­odo se hicieron sumamente importante en esos paà ­ses. Como parte del comità © para el premio Deming, Ishikawa impulso una auditoria implacable que establece cuales compaà ±Ãƒ ­as son aspirantes para el premio Deming. Dicha auditoria pretende la colaboracià ³n de los altos ejecutivos de la empresa. De acuerdo a Ishikawa el saber de la gente que la empresa es activa y se mueve hacia el perfeccionamiento es el mejor premio que el triunfador puede recibir.   

The Fall of the Inca Empire Essay -- History, Ecuador, Peru, Chile

The Inca Empire, the massive nation that extended 2,500 miles along the western coast of South America and had a population of over 7 million at its peak. It included all of what is now Ecuador and Peru and most of Chile. Known as â€Å"The Children of the Sun†, they excelled at craftsmanship, weaving, and culture (â€Å"Children of the Sun†). A very religious people, they worshiped the Sun as their supreme god and held religious festivals monthly to appease these gods. Although they did not value it aside from its beautiful appearance, the Inca Empire was home to millions of pounds of solid gold and silver. The Inca had no use for it except to use it to craft decorations and statues. In fact, an Inca citizen valued cloth more than they valued gold or silver. Their collapse would be brought about because of the Spanish invasion, a brutal civil war that weakened the empire, and deadly disease brought over from Europe. The Inca Empire was a combination of many small tribes and nations that the Inca had conquered and placed under their rule. Their government was very well organized and efficient at ruling their subjects. The entire empire, however, was led by an emperor that was recognized by the Inca people as the â€Å"Son of the Sun†. The emperor selected his advisors and appointed governors for all of the territories under Inca control. They also had a very large, highly organized military consisting of around 500 thousand men. The Empire could have lasted centuries, if not for the Spanish invasion. Led by Hernando Pizarro, an accomplished conquistador, the Empire would be brought to its knees in just under thirty five years Before any conquistador had ever step foot in Inca lands, issues that would lead to the Inca’s downfall had been buil... ...ve died and the civil war would not have occurred. Who knows, Huyana Capac may have been a much stronger, brutal leader than Atahualpa and would have killed the Spanish as soon had he heard that they had landed in Peru. Pizarro, being the decisive, military leader that he was, would take advantage of the terrible plague and use it against the Inca. As he traveled from village to village, he would leave a person infected with smallpox in the village so that the whole village would become infected and die. When his men were in Cuzco while it was under siege from Manco Inca, he ordered dead bodies infected with small pox to be thrown into the Inca camps at night. Huge number of Inca soldiers died because of attacks like these. Pizarro and his men were from Europe, so they had some resistance to the diseases they brought with them, so they were not affected by them.

Dbq: French and Indian War

DBQ the French and Indian War The French and Indian War is known as an unintentional war sparked by a young George Washington’s actions towards the French ambassador. Both the English and French wanted to obtain control of the Ohio Valley. Each group desired to show their superiority and gain the benefits of the new world. The English and French could not solve their disagreement peacefully, and war was inevitable. The war not only changed the new world forever, but also, Britains relationship between its American colonies.The relationship between Britain and its American colonies was transformed through the political, economic, and ideological relations, due to the French and Indian War. Britain’s political relations with its American colonies were effected as a result of the French and Indian War. America today, as we know it, would not be the same if the English had not been victorious over the French. The war determined who would gain control of the new world. The m aps in Document A show that before the war, the French controlled most of the new land, but after the war, the English had secured the new world as its territory.It is easy to see that Britains victory over the French helped Britain politically, however; it produced tension with its American colonies. Shortly after the war, England realized what the war had really cost them tons of money they did not have. Britain expected the colonies to help pay the debt from the war, but the colonists felt it was not their responsibility. This controversy contributed to the political strain between Britain and its American colonies.The French and Indian War altered Britains relationship with its American colonies drastically, as Britain imposed its political authority on the colonists. Britains relationship with its American colonies was not only altered politically due to the French and Indian War, but also through its economy. The British began placing taxes upon the colonists and essentially t elling them what they could and could not do and who they could and could not trade with. The colonists were infuriated and felt that the taxation was unjust. Document F states the reason that taxes were placed upon the colonists. TheBritish Order in Council clearly states that, â€Å"we find that the revenue arising there from is very small and inconsiderable,†¦and is not yet sufficient to defray a fourth part of the expense necessary for collecting it. † The commissioners said that all the money it took to make the war happen was not paid back through the land acquired; so, as a result, taxes were placed upon the colonists. Another document that supported this claim about financial troubles was Document H. The picture in Document H was meant to show that after the war, Britain faced extremely rough times economically. Some colonists were depressed, sorrowful, and penniless.The outcome of the French and Indian War damaged Britains economic relations with its American co lonies. The American colonies ideological relations with Britain changed after the French and Indian War. All colonists did not view Britain the same way. In documents D and E, two very distinct views of Britain were displayed. The solider in Document D writes. â€Å"Therefore we now see what it is to be under martial law and to be with [British] regulars, who are but little better than slaves to their officers. † The Massachusetts soldier in this document hated Britain and felt they were treated no better than the slaves.Although, Document E stated, â€Å"Here shall our indulgent Mother, who has protected us, be served and honored by growing Numbers, with the Duty, Love and Gratitude, till Time shall be no more. † Reverend Thomas Barnard said in his sermon that Britain protected them. He felt the colonists should love, honor, and serve Britain forever to show their appreciation. Reverend Barnard viewed Britain as a blessing from God and he loved Britain. The colonists ’ views of Britain were not all the same, while some loved and appreciated Britain, but others hated and criticized them.The French and Indian War completely changed the ideological relations between Britain and its American colonies. As can be seen, Britains relationship with its American colonies was undoubtedly altered due to the results of the French and Indian War. Britains victory over the French came at a cost, as Britain’s grasp on its American colonies began to slip away, and the results of the war changed America as it is known today. The relationship between Britain and its American colonies was altered through the political, economic, and ideological relations, as a result, of the French and Indian War.

Equal Opportunities

In this essay I am going to explain the term † equal opportunities† in relation to early years practice. Explore this in the context of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and explain the impact the Convention on UK legislation. I am also going to suggest some steps which in my consideration can implement equality of opportunity for children in UK. Equal opportunity is a descriptive term for an approach intended to give equal access to a certain social environment or to ensure people are not specifically excluded from participating in activities such as education, employment or health care on the basis of immutable traits. The lack of access might cause poor self-esteem, respect, misunderstandings, stereotyping and discrimination. Bruce and Meggit, 2002) Also it means opening up the universe for the child and family so that they can take full benefit of the early childhood activities in school and in society. Equal opportunity does not mean treating everyone the same. The Common areas of discrimination are race, financial capability, gender and the ability of the child. Every child's future depends on opportunities provided to it in his early years of life which usually defines the child's outlook towards life. This will be the window through which the child will define race, gender, nationality, religion, family set-up, special needs and sexual orientation of parents in his or her own way. The teacher and parents will play the most vital role in the child's early years of development and they will be providing all the vital elements of this process to build the child's future. Teachers and parents have to make sure that he is in the right environment for this development to take place. To help them, the UN has played a major role and contributed immensely to this process. The UN general assembly agreed to adopt the conventions on the rights of the child on November 20th, 1989. It came into force in September 1990 after it was ratified by 192 member nations. The convention is child centric and deals with child specific needs and right to education and care. It also looks after the best interest of the child. Articles 2,3,6,7,8,11,12,13,23,28,29,30,31,32,34,35 are related specifically to the early years in respect to education and care. These articles of the policy state that the member nations will respect the rights set forth in the present convention to each child within their jurisdiction without discrimination of any kind. (Convention on the rights of the child, 1990) The Convention on the Rights of the Child applies in the UK since ratification in December 1991, when the government agreed to make all laws, policy and practice compatible with the UN Convention. (http://www. unicef. org) Every child has certain basic rights, including the right to life, his/her own name and identity, and to be raised by his/her parents within a family or cultural grouping and have a relationship with both parents, even if they are separated. † (www. wikipedia. org) The principals outlined in the international human rights framework apply to both children and adults. I am doing to concentrate on children which are mentioned especially in many of the human rights. Standards are specially modified or adapted where the need an d concerns surrounding are distinct for children. http://www. child-abuse. com) The Convention on the Rights of the Child recognizes and promotes this great link between children’s rights and responsibilities. The aims of education defined in the Article 29, include nurturing children’s respect for human rights, for their own and others cultural values and for the environment. This Article teaches us how vital it is for every child from birth to be thought tolerance and approval for people of other cultural and be able to get access to the same level and standard of education. Children need to be involved in process of learning about other cultures in order to understand them better. In this way children become familiarly with all the information, accept them and learn that everybody has equal rights and deserve approval and respect from Other people, no matter how old they are. (UN Convention, Article 29) Other articles express children’s rights in terms that stress how children’s exercise of those rights must be responsible and respectful of the rights of others. Article 15, states that children have the rights to meet with others and to join or set up association, unless the fact of their doing so would violate the rights of others. . Every child should be allowed to join those groups, in this way children learn about each other and build up their level of tolerance. Through social life children and young people meet and observe other children and learn from each other. (UN Convention, Article 15) Another example of children rights is Article 31 which again promotes the rights to rest and leisure, play and recreational activities appropriate for the age of the child. Children need to have the time to re-charge they energy, rest and play with each other or, and on their own. In many situations we learn about children who have to work long hours and very often do not get enough sleep at night. This is when we could mention children being explored, hard working children who have no time for cultural, artistic or leisure activities. (UN Convention, Article 31) In upholding the rights of children, the Convention does not infringe on the rights of parents to decide what is best for their children. Instead, it specifically states that governments shall make every effort to keep families intact and shall provide support and assistance to parents in fulfilling their responsibilities with regard to the upbringing and development of their children. The promotion of children's rights is not a matter of placing children in conflict with the adult authorities in their lives, but of encouraging all citizens to work together for a safe, healthy and productive future for children. (http://www. unicef. org) Parents, carers, families and teachers are the most important influence on outcomes for children and young people. The Every Child Matters: Change for Children programme aims to ensure that support for parents becomes routine, particularly at key points in a child or young person’s life. (http://www. crin. ch) The UK government aim is for every child, whatever their background or their circumstances, to have the support they need to be healthy, stay safe, enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution, achieve economic well-being. The UK government aim is for every child, whatever their background or their circumstances, to have the support they need to be healthy, stay safe, enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution, achieve economic well-being. This means that the organizations involved with providing services to children-from hospitals and schools, to police and voluntary groups- will be teaming up in new ways, sharing information and working together, to protect children and young people from harm and help them achieve what they want in life. Children and young people will have far more say about issues that affect them as individuals and collectively. (http://www. cre. gov. uk) The Children’s Commissioner for England was appointed, to give children and young people a voice in government and in public life. The Commissioner will pay particular attention to gathering and putting forward the views of the most vulnerable children and young people in society, and will promote their involvement in the work of organizations whose decisions and actions affect them. The Commissioner’s role is to observe every aspect about young children and react immediately if something is acting against they rules and believes. (http://www. cre. org. uk) By agreeing to undertake the obligation of the convention, UK’s government have committed themselves to project and ensure children’s rights as they agreed to hold themselves accountable for the commitment before the international community. State parties to the convention are obliged to develop and undertake all actions and polices in the best interest of the child. The task, however, must engage not just governments but all members of society. The standards and principles articulated in the convention can only become a reality when they are respected by everyone within the families, in school and other institution that provide service for children, in communities and at all levels of administrations. (MCI protocol) The DfES (Department for Education and Slikks) works in partnership with community foundations, rural community councils, councils for voluntary service and grant making trusts to provide an experienced fund administrator in each area. Administrators ensure that outreach and support are available to support applicants. Decisions on allocating funding are made by assessment panels comprised of people with knowledge of the issues faced by children in the communities served by the funds. (http://dfes. gov. uk) New child charities have been recognised all over country helping to promote and claim children’s rights, and monitor how far their are being realised and respected. The charities collaborate with government and civil society to make progress in realising children’s rights. The UN committee welcomed a number of UK initiatives, especially new legislation such as the Human Rights Act and Adoption and Children Bill, youth participation, the available strategy for children, young people, and strategies on child poverty and teenage pregnancy. ( http://www. publication. parliament. uk). All parts of government have a responsibility to learn about, promote and implement the convention. The children, young people and families directorate within the department for education and skills co-ordinates the government’s report to the committee on the rights of the child. Beverley Hughes MP, the minister for children, young people and families, has special responsibility within the government for ensuring the convention is put into practice. The government is also meant to make sure that all new laws fit with the convention. Children’s rights groups and organisations have an important role to play in raising awareness about the convention, and referring to it whenever decisions are made that affects children and young people. By agreeing to undertake the obligation of the convention, UK overnment has committed themselves to protect and ensure children’s rights as they have agreed to hold themselves accountable for the commitment before the international community. States parties to the convention are obliged to develop and undertake all actions and polices in the best interests of the child. The task, however, must engage not just governments but all members of society. The standards and principles articulated in the convention can only become a reality when they are respected by everyone within the families, in schools and other institutions that provide services for children, in communities and at all levels of administration (Kandola and Fullerton,1998) Types of support offered could include structured parenting education groups, couple support, home visiting and  employment or training advice. All schools actively seek to engage parents in children and young people's education, helping parents to understand what they can do at home to work with the schoolchildren’s centres and extended schools develop a coherent set of services both to support parents and to involve them properly at all stages of a child's learning and development. (http://www. crin. ch) In conclusion, we should all apply the equal opportunities policy and each on of us should begin by him/herself. We should treat anyone an adult or a child equally regardless of his gender, race, nationality, social class and religion because he/she is an important part of the society we live in, and has a major role in it, especially children because they are the future generation, who will take our place in the society. Furthermore, we the adults should be the role model of our children because they are our mirror that reflect us wherever they go and whatever they do. Bibliography Bruce, . T and Meggitt, C. (2002) Child Care and Education, Hodder and Stoughton, London www. unicef. org UNICEF (Undated) Convention on Rights of the Child, 1990, http://www. ohchr. org/english/law/pdf/crc. pdf http://www. crin. ch Kandola, R. and Fullerton, J. (1998), The equal opportunity handbook http://www. child-abuse. com http://www. publication. parliament. uk http://www. wikipedia. org