Merger Of Kingfisher Plc Business Essay

Merger Of Kingfisher Plc Business Essay Kingfisher Plc is one of the major retailers in UK managing over 600 stores and handling over seventy-five thousand employees. At present, the company is the leading provider of womens wear and lingerie in the United Kingdom. In the area of other apparel, these have incurred a considerable amount of growth. The company also provides for food retail. The company sells a wide array of food products from groceries to ready-to-cook meals. Nowadays, there have been a considerable amount of changes in the overall strategy of the company. Nonetheless, it still holds true to the basic principles of the company. Such principles include the offering of the wide selection of high-quality products which are considered chic and classic with the most reasonable prices in the market. Merger of Kingfisher Plc with DIY Supermarket:- To competerivals and to respond to the changes in the external environment of the organizations the management of the KINGFISHER LTD and the DIY Supermarket are planning to merge into a signal entity. Under the plans, KINGFISHER LTD would be re branded Kings and DIY Supermarket plc. KingsDIY Supermarkets and consist of two operating subsidiaries, Kingfisher PlcandDIY Supermarkets. Sava Centre Limited will be owned by Kingfisher Ltd., and DIY Supermarkets Supermarkets Limited will be re branded KIngfisher Ltd, being owned by DIY Supermarkets (HIGHSON, 2008) The Combined Group will have 1,300 stores, although they should be prepared to sell 300 so as to not refer the deal to the Competition Commission. It will be the UKs second largest retailer (behind Tesco), the UKs largest clothing retailer, and the second largest supermarket chain, with a market share of over 20%.(HIGHSON, 2008) The report will analyse the merger process and the change management process and as a change manager I will develop the change strategy for the KINGFISHER LTD to manage the changes in the organization as a result of the merger between the both organisations. I will analyse different models of change to implement the changes effectively in the KINGFISHER LTD and also develop the strategy to involve stakeholders in the change process to make change more effective and access the causes of resistant to change and develop the processes which can be implemented to reduce resistant to change being implemented. Models of change management: There are various models of the change developed by the researchers to develop and implement effective changes in the organization to compete in the external environment of the organization. There are following models of the change which can be used to implement changes in the given case of KINGFISHER LTD. in the current economic environment the organisation is facing strong competition from the rivals. There are the following models which I will be using to implement the change in the KINGFISHER LTD. THE THREE-STEP MODEL OF CHANGE In developing this model, Lewin (1947a:p. 228-9) noted that: A change towards a higher level of group performance is frequently short lived; after a short in an arm group life soon return to the previous level. It indicates that it does not suffice to define the object of planned change in-group performance as the reaching of different levels. For Lewins therefore, successful change involves three steps: Unfreezing the present level; Moving to the new level; Refreezing the new level; Figure: 1.1 Kurt Lewis model of changeSource: Online (accessed on 11/08/2012). John P Kotters eight steps to successful change: American John P Kotter (b 1947) is a Harvard Business School professor and leading thinker and author on organizational change management. Kotters highly regarded books Leading Change (1995) and the follow-up The Heart Of Change (2002) describe a helpful model for understanding and managing change. Each stage acknowledges a key principle identified by Kotter relating to peoples response and approach to change, in which people see, feel and then change. Kotters eight step change model can be summarised as: Increase urgency inspire people to move, make objectives real and relevant. Build the guiding team get the right people in place with the right emotional commitment, and the right mix of skills and levels. Get the vision right get the team to establish a simple vision and strategy, focus on emotional and creative aspects necessary to drive service and efficiency. Communicate for buy-in Involve as many people as possible, communicate the essentials, simply, and to appeal and respond to peoples needs. De-clutter communications make technology work for you rather than against. Empower action Remove obstacles, enable constructive feedback and lots of support from leaders reward and recognise progress and achievements. Create short-term wins Set aims that are easy to achieve in bite-size chunks. Manageable numbers of initiatives. Finish current stages before starting new ones. Dont let up Foster and encourage determination and persistence on-going change encourage on-going progress reporting highlight achieved and future milestones. Make change stick- Reinforce the value of successful change via recruitment, promotion, and new change leaders. Weave change into culture. Relevance of the selected models of change to the Kingfisher Plc: The above given models are very important for the implementation of the change in the organization as the KINGFISHER LTD and the DIY Supermarket are different organizations and while combining the both organizations will face several problems regarding the implementation of the changes in the organization.Like it or not, the changing economy will necessitate drastic reorganization possibly due to downturns in the economy. Lewins model could be used by managers of the Kingfisher Plc to more efficiently implement any organizational changes. For example, suppose that a firm is facing the prospect of downsizing due to a slow market. In the first step, unfreezing, senior management could inform all employees via the company intranet as well as through informal Townhall style meetings of the serious economic challenges facing the organization. Input gathered from employees as well as from internal audits would then be made available to all employees. The second step, change, would then be implemented, most likely in the form of reorganization involving the elimination of some positions. In the final step, refreezing, intra-organizational adjustments would be made to accommodate the new organizational work flow. Any employees who have been terminated could be offered post-employment retraining or vocational assistance. Most importantly, senior management ofKingfisher Plcwould need to demonstrate to the remai ning employees the efficiency  and necessity of the new reorganization.   Selection of Model to be used to implement change in KINGFISHER LTD: Lewins three step model of change involves developing a model for the driving change andlearning to either manipulate the process or enhance its effect.   According to Levin the first step in the process of changing behaviour is to unfreeze the existing situation or status quo.   The second stage is to move the target system to a new level of equilibrium.   Some assistance to this stage can be assisting stakeholders with seeing the benefit of interrupting the status quo.   In addition, the negative effects of remaining the same level can be driven by influential leaders.   The third step of Lewins model is to freeze thought after the change takes place at a new level. As a change manager of the Kingfisher PlcI can use this model in relation to the changing economy by melding their workforce to expect change and embrace its value.   There are few aspects of life that are totally negative and people must be educated to see this.   By looking at Lewins force field analysis I can use this information to help myself and my employees embrace change.   As for the aspect of coping with uncertainty, the anxiety a person experiences with the current economy hit people on many levels.   The goal is to fragment the anxiety into workable situations for people to deal with. Monitoring tools to monitor change: To monitor the effectiveness of the implementation of the change in the organization I will use different monitoring tools. I will develop the small targets and the goals to be achieved to monitor the performance by analysing the completion of these goals and compering the actual performance with the targets. The financial performance will also be analysed to access the effectiveness of the change process and it will be compared with the previous performance of the organization. Strategic intervention strategies in Kingfisher Plc: An intervention is a set of sequenced and planned actions or events and planned actions or events intended to help the organization intended to help the organization increase its effectiveness (Cummings, Christopher G. Worley, 2008)The strategic intervention is the set of the planned steps to be taken by the organization to develop effective strategies for the organization to be more competent and effective in the market. There are different types and levels of the strategic intervention being implemented in the organizations. There are various types of the interventions which can be implemented on the KINGFISHER LTD to make the organization more effective and competitive in the market. Theses interventions are as given below, Human process intervention Techno structural interventions Human resource management interventions Strategic interventions The human resource process intervention includes the developing processes for the coaching, training and development, team building process consultation, conflict resolution, intergroup relationships and large group interventions. The techno interventions include implementation of the technologies in the organization and these also include the downsizing, structural design development, reengineering, employee involvement, and developing effective work design. There are different steps which can be taken by the Kingfisher Plc for the growth and improvement of the human resources of the organization like setting goals, performance appraisal, rewards system development based on the performance appraisal, career planning and development, managing workforce diversity and employee welfare. The structural intervention include the following steps à ¢- ºIntegrated Strategic Change Integrated Strategic Change à ¢- ºMergers and Acquisitions Mergers and Acquisitions à ¢- ºAlliances and Networks Alliances and Networks à ¢- ºCulture Change Culture Change à ¢- ºSelf-designing Organizations Self-designing Organizations à ¢- ºOrganization Learning and Knowledge Organization Learning and Knowledge Management Which change interventions to use is an important consideration. Change ultimately entails the deployment of a range of levers covering all the organisational subsystems shown in the above change models appropriate for managing change in Kingfisher Plc. Given the interdependency of these subsystems, it is difficult to change one part in isolation. Transformational change initiatives in particular, which require a change in the shared assumptions and beliefs of an organisation, are more likely to fail if those leading change focus on changing just structures and systems, paying little attention to softer levers and mechanisms such as symbols, rituals and routines. The strategic intervention can be used to identify which change levers to use. Interventions need to be designed to remove the barriers to change in the existing state of the organization, and to create the new structures, systems, routines, rituals, symbols, and stories to effectively implement change in the organization. Communication, education, training and personal development initiatives will also be required to help individuals undertake the changes required of them. The greater the extent of change, the more such initiatives will be required. Realignments may still require a change in the nature of the work that people do and the outcomes they achieve, such as levels of productivity and sales or customer response of the Kingfisher Plc. THE TRIGGERS TO ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE Mainly organizations have learned to make minor, day-by-day changes to adjust to unplanned or anticipated events and it is changes of some magnitudes, particularly where they are undertaken quickly, that trend to be the most problematic. These are also called as the factors leading to the change implementation in the organization. These factors determine the need for changeq. These can be internal and external triggers or factors of change management to implement the change. There are following factors affecting the strategy of the Kingfisher Plc leading to the change management in the organization. EXTERNAL TRIGGERS TO CHANGE It is important to stress that environment is not just everything out there. to distinguished between those parts that are usually considered more important by organizations and those that are not, the terms task environment and wide environment are borrowed from a classic study by Dill (1958). Wide environment is one step removed from the organization, whereas task environment is that Part of the total environmental that is most relevant to organization in terms of achieving its goals or objectives. Because its impact is experienced as direct and pressing, this is where firms tend to concentrate most of their attention (Dill 1958). There are different types of the factors which affected the Kingfisher Plc and leads the organization towards implementation of the change in the origination, like the macro-economic factors such as political, legal, environmental and social factors and the competitive environmental factors as described by Porters five forces, competitors, threat from su bstitute, supplier or customers and the competition environment of the Kingfisher Plc. INTERNAL TRIGGERS FOR CHANGE Change to process factor often occurs because of the impact of triggers in the task environment. Some however can arise internally and act as spur for change in their own right. Example of those can require internal change are innovations that improve the way that something is manufactured, or allow a service to be delivered at a low cost, or the development of new products that enable the firm to diversity. There are following internal factors which are deriving the Kingfisher Plc for implementing change in the organization, Profitability Development of new products or processes Job redesign These all above determined Internal and external factors causes the Kingfisher Plc to implement change in the organization to achieve the goals and objectives of the firm in the long run. Resource implication: There are different resources which are required by the Kingfisher Plc to develop and implement effective change strategy in the organization. These factors include the Human resources like the workforce and the managers required to effectively manage the changed structure and business processes of the Kingfisher Plc. This also includes the hiring, training and development, rewarding, motivating and retaining the human resources of the organization. Other resources required to effectively implement change are physical resources e.g. equipment, vehicles, buildings; financial resources e.g. costs of training, redundancy costs, relocation costs; new building, refurbishment of existing buildings. The Kingfisher Plc has to consider the effectiveness and availability of these all above given factors to effectively and efficiently implement change in the organization. The inability of the management to effectively manage the resource implication while managing change can lead the organisation towards the failure instead of success. Because the resources play a vital role in the development of the organization for example without the effective human resources the organization will not be able to carry on the organizational functions or the quality of these actions will be very poor leading to the failure of the process. Similarly the financial resources are also very important for implementation of the change in the organisation because the finance is the soul of the organisation and organization can survive without profitability but it cannot survive without effective finances. Systems and strategies to involve stakeholders: The Kingfisher Plc must develop appropriate systems and the strategies to involve the shareholders of the organization in the process of implementation of change in the organization. These systems have different processes through which the management can effectively involve the stakeholders of the organization in the process of the change to make the implementation more successful. There are following stakeholders of the Kingfisher Plc who can influence the strategies of the organization and have important effect on the performance of the origination, Shareholders Customers Suppliers Employees Community Government Competitors I will analyse the importance and the power of all the stakeholders and these will be prioritised based on their influencing power to affect the change management process of the organization. As a change manager I will use the sic steps model to involve the stakeholders in the change process of the Kingfisher Plc. These steps include the identification of the stakeholders, prioritising stakeholders, mapping the profile of the stakeholders, develop communication and engagement strategy to involve stakeholders in the process of change, optimising their support by effective leadership skills and the last one is the monitoring change. Change Management Strategy: To effectively implement the changes and to make the change management more productive, I have developed the change strategy which consists of different steps or systems to involve the stakeholders effectively in the change process to make the change process quick, efficient and productive. These steps include, Preparation of change: the first step is the preparation for the change to be implemented and this will include the analysis of the internal and external forces effecting the change and then using the effective communication to communicate the need for change with the stakeholders of the organization. Building vision for change: the next step is the development of the vision to motivate the stakeholders of the organization towards the change process. The clear vision can develop the change more effectively and easily because it motivates the involved individuals towards achievement of the stated goals. Path of change: the change strategy will be developed and all the stakeholders will be involved in the decision making criteria so that they can understand the importance of change and they can play their role as participants in the change process. RESISTANCE TO CHANGE Woodrow Wilson If you want to make enemies, try to change something, advised. When seeking to Change an organization, it is strategy or processes, leaders run into Newtons law that a body at rest tends to stay at rest, advocates for change is greeted with suspicion, anger, resistance, and even sabotage.4 (www.1000ventures.com). But, Richard Branson has been exceptionally competent in handling corporate transformation and change (Manfred, 1998). He is able to achieve this because he envisions, empowers and energizes his employees. Secondly, the structure and design of his companies helps him to institute effective control and reward systems. An organization is able to create an effective environment, both internally and throughout its supply chain, which encourages an opportunistic position to be adapted. On the other hand, despite how friendly an organization is to change it will still face a degree of employee, supplier, distributor, stakeholder and consumer resistance to change it may manage to reduce the frequency and potency of such resistance but it will never eradicate the fear of unknown. There are different reasons due to which the employees and the customers of the Kingfisher Plc resisted to the change being implemented by the management of the Kingfisher Plc in all the levels of the organization these factors which causes the resistance to change. These factors can be summarised as follows, Lack of confidence Lack of trust Lack of the competencies Fear of loss of something of value Ineffective communication by the management Lack of clarity of the change being implemented by the organization Strategies to reduce resistance to change:- The Kingfisher Plc must develop effective communication strategies and the processes to implement the change and reduce resistance regarding the change being implemented in the organization. These strategies include the involvement of the different stakeholders in the process of the change management to make them motivated and focused towards the change being implemented. There are different steps which Kingfisher Plc should take while developing change strategies in the organization, Development of the effective mission and Vision regarding change Development of the communication strategies to communicate mission and vision of the organization Involve all the stakeholders through the six steps defined above Reducing the concerns of the staff and people by providing them training and effective skills to tackle with the change and making them more competent

John Locke Research Paper Essay

Throughout history there have been many philosophers that impacted the world. Philosophers such as John Locke have shaped today’s society in a number of ways. John Locke was extremely influential and has had some of the most lasting impacts on the ideas still to this day. John Locke has inspired a many of people throughout his lifetime and shaped the way for philosophers and great minds of the generations to come. John Locke was an English philosopher, born on August 29 1632, in Somerset, England. He was born into a Protestant family (Faiella 24). Locke’s mother died when he was an infant and he was raised by his father John, who is said to have had an influence on Locke’s views (24). In 1652, Locke attended Christ Church College to study medicine (25). However, Locke found the ideals and theories of modern philosophers of his time more interesting than the material he studied while at Christ Church, which led to Locke never pursuing a career as a doctor (25). Lord Anthony Ashley Cooper sought out Locke’s assistance to treat a liver cyst; Cooper soon became impressed with Locke and appointed Locke to be his advisor (28). Locke then joined the Royal. Society where he met individuals with whom he discussed mortality and religion, which resulted in the creation of An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (Powell, Jim Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty, and Property). Locke wanted to learn more and pursued a position in which he could examine toleration, education and trade, leading to Locke and Anthony Ashley Cooper working closely together (Powell, Jim John Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty, and Property). Anthony Cooper was the 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, and it was in the Shaftesbury household where some of Locke’s most influential ideas came alive. Cooper assisted in forming Locke’s ideas; it was within the Shaftesbury household during 1671 that the meeting, which resulted in the making of An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, took place (25). Locke’s friendship with Cooper became complicated, causing Locke to move to Holland where he became connected with the English Rebels (Faiella 29). Eventually, Locke was placed on a list of 85 traitors who were wanted by the English government as a result of his works (29). During 1683, Locke used an alias, Dr. Van Der Linden, to sign letters being sent to his peers (Powell, Jim John Locke Natural Right to Life, Liberty and Property). Locke was offered a pardon offered by William Penn but, Locke wouldn’t accept the pardon because he believed he didn’t do anything to deserve his criminal status and he stood by his beliefs (Faiella 30). In 1686 while in Holland Locke was meeting with peers to discuss philosophical ideals and plot to overthrow King James II. Locke was later removed from the list of traitors (31). After the Glorious Revolution Locke returned to England and helped draft the Toleration Act of 1689 (31). Locke believed in many things as a philosopher, one of Locke’s most known ideals was Natural Law. Locke strongly believed in Natural Law, which stated men have natural rights which cannot be given to you by rulers (Stephens, George M. John Locke: His American and Carolinian Legacy). Locke also believed in the Social Contract, which stated that, a persons moral or political obligations should rely on an agreement in order to form a society (John Locke: His American Carolinian Legacy). Locke strongly believed that people lived in a certain State of Nature before there was society. Locke stated that the State of Nature was when people lived with no judge, no laws and no punishment for their crimes (Treatises on Government). Locke thought that laws of society existed for the common good of the population as a whole (Treatises on Government). People could not break the social contract because it would result in chaos (Treatises on Government). Locke also believed that the government existed to assist the needs of the people and if it should not fulfill its job to the people, people had the right to overthrow the government (John Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty and Property). Locke believed that without a majority rule the social contract wouldn’t work (John Locke: His American and Carolinian Legacy). Therefore, Locke wrote An Essay Concerning Human Understanding which was based on his beliefs and experiences (Powell, Jim. John Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty and Property). Locke also wrote a Letter Concerning Toleration, which discussed an idea of religious toleration for everyone except Atheists and Catholics. (John Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty and Property). Locke believed education is for liberty and that people learn by examples and that this is the way society should learn (John Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty and Property). Locke also fought for freedom of the press and opposed the renewal of the act for regulation of printing (John Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty and Property). Clearly, John Locke had a very big impact throughout the world, even though during his time he was viewed as a criminal for some of his ideas. Locke provoked revolutions in Europe, Latin America, and in Asia (Powell, Jim. John Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty and Property). John Locke influenced the Declaration of the Rights of Men, in 1789 while in France, which recognized property rights. (Stephens, George M. John Locke: His American and Carolinian Legacy). Locke also influenced Montesquieu’s beliefs regarding the separation of powers (Powell, Jim. John Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty and Property). Also one of Locke’s greatest influences was his assistance in inspiring the French Revolution (John Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty and Property). John Locke influenced the United States in a number of different ways. For example, Locke’s Second Treatise Concerning Civil Government inspired the American Revolution (Powell, Jim. John Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty, and Property). Also, In the Declaration of Independence it states how King George violated his contract with the colonist, which was influenced by Locke’s ideas (Stephens, George M. John Locke: His American and Carolinian Legacy). The Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution discusses property rights, which was also inspired by John Locke (John Locke: His American and Carolinian Legacy). In the constitution the legislative branch has more power than a single official but has no veto power, another ideal of Locke (John Locke: His American and Carolinian Legacy). In conclusion, John Locke inspired many people throughout history with his strong beliefs and ideals. Locke was criminalized and wanted for his beliefs. Locke’s ideas have influenced not only England or the United States of America, but have resulted in a change in the world. Locke inspired people of his time, and implemented lasting ideas and changes in the government, and Locke inspired other philosophers. Philosophers similar to Locke have used Locke’s ideas as a foundation to further mold the world we live in, and shape societies. John Locke has made a lasting impact and his ideas will continue to impact the world. Works Cited Faiella, Graham. †John Locke: His Life† John Locke:Champion of Modern Democracy New York: Rosen Group, 2005. 24-31. Print. Locke, John. Two Treatises on Government. 1690. Print. Powell,Jim â€Å"Jim Locke: Natural Right to Life, Liberty, and Property† The Freeman. Foundation for Economic Education. 1 August 1996. Web. 6 October 2014. Stephens, George M. â€Å"John Locke: His American and Carolinian legacy. † John Locke Foundation. N. D. Web. 2 October 2014.

Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo

I was in my fourth year high school since I last watch a play. It was about El Filibusterismo, the second novel of Dr. Jose Rizal. I somewhat forgot the story of the two popular novels of Rizal that is why I was so excited to watch the play of the Dulaang UP, Noli me Tangere: The Opera. It was not a usual play compared to the plays I had watched during my high school days. It was not a normal act that the actors/ actresses must play the role assigned to them and say their lines followed in the script. In an opera they needed to execute a dramatic work combining text (libretto) and musical score. It is really difficult to perform in a musical play and also the fact that performing in front of many people is uneasy. But as I watch the play, the characters were comfortable and love what they are doing which I really liked about them. Many years have passed so my knowledge about the novel is very little. But the play gave a better way of telling and understanding the story. So as it came along I have remembered the novel scene by scene and chapters by chapters. The play inspired me in a better appreciation of Rizal’s Noli me Tangere because I truly felt the emotions showcased by the performers. It was full of passion. You will really feel the nationalism being portrayed by the actors in the play. It made me realized the importance and the role of the two novels, Noli me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, in helping the Filipino people to become conscious that the doings of the colonizers were inhumane. It is no doubt that these novels were one of the reasons that boosted and led our heroes to revolt against the Spaniards. It was my first time to watch an opera and it was splendid. Since it was my first, I really watched the play very well. I was truly amazed with the voices of the actors and actresses especially the one who were playing as Maria Clara. I was hook with her voice throughout the play because of its wide range and it was so extreme. The accompaniment made the production complete. It gave the wonderful voices of the young and talented artists to be more powerful and pleasant to hear. It also gave the story more life and made the audience to feel the emotions of the actors. The setting was full of Philippine indigenous materials and the costumes of the performers were made of inabel cloth which created a good connection to the audience. It helped them to sense the past and to think about the cultures, beautiful places, clean surroundings, traditions, customs and beliefs that we have before. The choreography, special props, lightings and sound effects made the production enjoyable to watch, livelier and more intense. Sum it all up, the presentation was truly great. But I know they are still lot of rooms for improvement. They can still make the play to be more interesting and more enjoyable to watch. So if I were to rate the production, five (5) being the highest and one (1) being the lowest, I would give them a four (4).

High Tech Technology Products Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1425 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? High-tech technology has to do with an industry that generates industry (Dovleac, 2011a). More specifically, high-tech industry is defined as the industry involved in creating, developing and introducing new products and/or innovative manufacturing processes through the systematic application of scientific and technical knowledge (Wasinghton, 1982). Some examples of industries that belong to high-tech industry are information technology, hardware components, software communications, internet infrastructure and consumer electronic products such as video games, video products, audio products and entertainment products (Mohr et al., 2010; available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_tech). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "High Tech Technology Products Business Essay" essay for you Create order Besides these, according to (OECD (2005) and Wikipedia (2012), aerospace, office machinery and pharmaceuticals sectors are also included in the high-tech industry. Based on the types, it can be assumed that this type of industry is mainly innovative, and the main concept towards the creation of high-tech products is to identify, determine and develop appropriate value elements from the perspective of customers (Moller, 2006). The creation of high-tech products, demand considerable material, human and time resources and a great amount of study and deep research (Florescu et al., 2003, cited in Dovleac, 2011b). Apart from the difficulty in the creation, the reaction also of the market towards a product is unpredictable. Nevertheless, whether it will succeed or not is going to be determined by the consumer. Therefore mew products, in order to succeed they should emit value, include quality and be perceived as necessary which means they should be tested, approved and purchased over an d over (Florescu et al., 2003, cited in Dovleac, 2011b). Even all of these occur still the establishment of a new innovative product may be difficult as the customers may be reluctant towards the adoption of a new product (Chakravorti, 2004). The products that come from this industry are called high-tech products, but it is difficult to distinguish which products are high-tech and which are not, as there are many definitions concerning this (Munnukka and Jarvi, 2011). In order to do so, high-tech products should abide to the next criteria OECD, (2005): Be developed in a highly technological environment Incorporate a new or advanced technology Be associated with technologically based uncertainty Not currently accepted as natural solutions for the problems they have been designed to address Do not yet have an associated external infrastructure Based on these criteria and according to Eurostat (2012) we can assume that Mobile phone, Laptop computer, Personal com puter (PC) and or its accessories, Car navigator (GPS), DVD player and Digital camera are high-tech products although not all of the above criteria are satisfied (Munnukka and Jarvi, 2011). 2.4 Purchase intention (online) In many studies, purchase intention is being analyzed as a dependent variable and moving a step further, in some occasions it has been treated as a vital determinant factor of online behavior (Chen et al., 2002). For the aim of this study, once again the main variable will be purchase intention and specifically online purchase intention. What purchase intention represents in reality is what we think we will buy (Blackwell et al., 2001 p. 283 cited in Park and Stoel, 2005). According to (Thammawimutti and Chaipoopirutana, 2005, p.6), purchase intention can be defined by the tendency or likelihood to buy a product. Other researchers have used the word possibility, so as to refer to the purchase intention of customers to buy a product (Wu et al., 2011) and according to Dodds et al., (1991) an incline in the purchase intention results to an incline in the possibility of purchasing. For the aim of this study, online purchase intention will be analyzed adopting the same theories that have been used for purchase intention in conventional retail shopping (Eroglu et al., 2001). To begin with, there are plenty of theories regarding purchase intention, among which the theory of reasoned action and the planned behavior theory stating that, purchase intention is related to attitude, subjective norms and perceived control (Cheung et al., 2005 cited in Erragcha and Zid, 2012). Based on this, the consumer is willing to buy the product or not (Erragcha and Zid, 2012). Theory of reasoned action It was first introduced by (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1975 cited in Kim et al., 2008) and it was created so as to predict a behavioral intention. According to this, a persons voluntary behavior is predicted by his/her attitude toward that behavior and his perception of others beliefs whether he or she should or should not perform that behavior. In other words it is defined as an intermediary cognitive between attitude and behavior (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980 cited in Erragcha and Gharb i, 2012). This basically means that there are two variables responsible for the purchase intention and they are, a personal factor that refers to the attitude towards the behavior and the social norm (Erragcha and Gharbi, 2012), which is, social pressures that influence the decision whether to perform or not a behavior (Belleau et al., 2007). The relationship between intention and behavior exists under the assumption that consumers are considered rational and as a result, they are going to make a choice based on the information given to them (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1975 cited in Kim et al., 2010). In order to do so though, there is another assumption, that consumers are capable of taking control of their behavior (Kim et al., 2010). To conclude, attitude is a predictor of behavioral intention (Prendergast et al., 2010) and an individuals behavioral intention to perform or not a behavior is the immediate determinant of that individuals actual behavior (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980 cited in Kim et al., 2008). Apart from the supporters of this theory, there were some that identify some limitations on this theory, such as that the behavior is tracked by the individual and that intention is the sole factor that determines behavior (Cao and Zhang, 2004 cited in Erragcha and Gharbi, 2012). Moreover, Zeithaml et al., (1996) also said that purchase intention is only one among others dimensions of behavior intention. Theory of planned behavior Compared to the previous theory, the theory of planned behavior tries to solve the limitations of the theory of reasoned action (Ajzen, 1991). The theory of planned behavior, adds the perceived behavioral control, as one another determinant of behavioral intention (Hansen et al., 2004) and finally behavior (Belleau et al., 2007), which basically means that it is an extension of the theory of reasoned action. Perceived behavioral control refers to the perception of internal and external resource constraints on performing the behavio r (Ramayah et al., 2009 p. 1224). This is of prime importance especially in occasions when no restrictions exist (Belleau et al., 2007). This theory incorporates the concept of perceived behavioral control as the perception of ease or difficulty on performing or not a conduct (Shin et al., 2001). The perception of ease or difficulty though has to do with the perception of whether someone has the requisite resources and chances so as to perform a questionable behavior (Ajzen, 1991). Having mentioned all these concepts, it is possible to create a misinterpretation as far as they are concerned. Attitude is different from intention and intention is different from behavior (Spears and Singh, 2004). Attitudes are summary evaluations whereas intentions represent the persons motivation in the sense of his or her conscious plan to exert effort to carry out a behavior (Eagly and Chaiken, 1993 p.168 cited in Spears and Singh, 2004). Moreover, intention is a variable more easily measured, co mpared to behavior because the first one refers to the consumers mind whereas the latter one subjects to restrictions and the customer does not behave as he/she prefers (Day, 1969 cited in Bai et al., 2008). Apart from these two theories, Engel et al., (1995) cited in Chi et al., (2009) proposed a model that tries to divide the consumers purchase intention process. So it is divided into 5 stages: Problem recognition Information search Alternative evaluation Purchase decision Post-purchase behavior Moreover, Engel et al., (1995) cited in Chi et al., (2009) separated purchase intention into, unplanned buying, partially planned buying and fully planned behavior. Unplanned behavior is considered when a consumer makes the decision to buy a product in a store or in this case when he/she is on the site. Partially planned behavior refers to the willingness of a consumer to buy a specific product without having decided the brand of the product. Fully planned behavior is when consumer knows the exact product and brand of the product he/she is ready to buy (Engel et al., 1995 cited in Chi et al., 2009). Other researchers (Kotler, 2003) stated that, the reasons that affect purchase intention are individual attitudes and unpredictable situations. Individual attitudes refer to private preferences to others and unpredictable situations have to do with changes in purchase intention because of the appearance of a new situation such as, the price of the product being higher compared to the expected one (Dodds et al., 1991).

Intellectual Property Law

Intellectual Property Law The right to ownership has tremendously grown in various categories. One of the groundbreaking classifications of ownership is the intellectual property. The intellectual property law has shifted attention from the common protection of physical objects such as land to intangible assets like designs, inventions and artistic works. The idea is to secure and enforce legal protection of the intellectual potential, especially in this era where violation of intellectual property is extremely tempting given the technological advancement. This paper explores the concept of intellectual property law in depth and breadth. A Brief History of Intellectual Property Law Intellectual property law is not a new jargon. It dates back to the medieval tenure where the government allowed artistic associations to regulate and control their respective industries (Murray, Laura, Kirsty and Tina 10). The associations were referred to as guilds. The guild maintained integrity in the production, marketing and importing of ideas. They dictated what inventions could be introduced to the commerce and using what procedures. However, the challenge was that the guilds focused so much on exercising control that they were even suppressing creativity and innovation. Power was projected towards a selected few in an industry. The fact is that intellectual property law was then driven by political and religious pressures rather than creativity and innovation interests. For example, in 1555, the government of England established the Stationary Company which was mandated to control the print industry. The main intention to develop this monopolistic firm was to hamper the powe r of Protestant Reformation (Murray, Laura, Kirsty and Tina 22). Over 80 years later, the guilds were broken to give room for Statute of Monopolies, a British law. The law disbanded the guilds and emphasized on strengthening the rights in line with the creators as opposed to selective industries (Merges 7). Upon the realization of independence, particularly by the US, countries began to develop their own copyright law. More so, courts, specifically the Federal court, played a pivotal role in revolutionizing this law. Following a series of cases related to intellectual property law, the Court modified the law necessarily. That is why the law is characterized by imperative terms such as contract law, mutual assent, considerations, and misappropriation. Contract law enforces promises and agreement between/among people. Once they accept the contract, this qualifies as a mutual assent. Consideration is when each person agrees to relinquish something in order to realize a resolve a conflict. Lastly, misappropriation is the wrongful application of someon e else’s work for commercialization. The Significant Shift of Intellectual Property Law Today, this law is linked to almost all facets of like ranging from politics, business to science. It reflects a shift to an information economy. Importantly, the law has been shaped to not only protect creators but also serve as an incentive. The aim is to ensure their creators profit from their work by sidelining misappropriation from the very beginning. This will motivate the creators to willingly and potentially apply their intellectual, which in turn benefit the society. Hence, by safeguarding the commercialization of creators, the society also benefit in the long run. To enable the efficiency and effectiveness of this law, there are agencies granted the power regulate this area. The agencies are usually related to trademark, copyright and patent. Trademarks are essential in the protection of names, symbols and slogans ideal for goods and services identification. That way, it is easier for customers to distinguish various brands from one another thus preventing confusing or misleading advertisements. It explains why general logos, pictures or words may not be accepted. The purpose for trademarks being to distinguish brands, it is paramount to have distinct features. Trademarks have impressively prevented the exploitation of customer’s goodwill by trading under the name of a particular logo, picture or the combination of both. It is worth noting that trademarks may not completely protect an individual in cases of related names, symbols or slogans. Infringement based on relatedness varies in degrees that are dictated in a civil action (Colston and Jonathan 15). The Internet domain is easily facilitating such cases. Copyrights deal with intangible assets such as motion pictures, writings, music, architecture among other artistic expressions. The production of copyright is a factor of the creation act, which can be published or unpublished. Most often, it is punctuated with symbol and date of copyright, and the protection serves for many years – usually over 70 years or even a lifetime (Johnson 6). The protection does not involve intellectual expressions like ideas and theories. It mostly handles matters that are captured in a fixed medium. In other words, copyright protects how an idea is expressed, and not the idea itself. Additionally, unlike trademarks, copyright does not require registration. It immediately comes to play. In the case of patents, inventors enjoy the right to explore the marketplace with their products. The law also allows them to profit by transferring their rights to someone else. The elements under patents include improvements of technology, new machines, manufactured goods among others. The government grants the patents thus barring others from using an individual’s invention. Given the stiff competition that dominates today’s market, patents can put one at the edge of the competition, especially since it can last up to 20 years. However, certain conditions can disqualify an invention. To that end, the invention should not be obvious or morally offensive. It should also prove to be useful. Although this may appear as an easy task, it is a daunting process. It consumes time and money because it commands research to ensure that no other patents of similar nature exist. Even worse, the invention can be challenged legally without refunds (Colston and Jonathan 13). Hence, i t can be a high-risk undertaking. There is no guarantee for merit or commercial value. Expounding on Infringement Infringement is simply the violation of intellectual property law. As a bold step to protect one’s work against infringement, the owner should put the world on notice about their rights. This is to primarily caution those who may violate the law unintentionally and take legal action against those who chooses to ignore. The most common way of ensuring visibility and creating notice is by putting marks of trademarks and patents on their products. The marks can also be accompanied by the date on which the protection was assigned. Since patents can consume time, certain measures are put in place to deter others from copying the work. Commonly, the invention is marked with â€Å"patent pending† in such cases (Merges 18). As stated earlier, an event of infringement may necessitate the need for suing the offender. However, it is important to consult an attorney before taking a legal action to assert that the litigation correlate with their best interests. The fact is that the prosecution of infringement cases is very expensive. Therefore, upon probing, the court may deem the case non-extensive and invalid (Merges 19). This may come to the surprise of the owner who could have strongly believed in the validity of his/her rights. On the bright side, if the litigation is successful, various resolutions can be reached. An injunction stopping the infringer from carrying on what is then considered as a breach can be ordered. This may be supplemented with payments to the owner to cater for the damages incurred. Alternatively, the owner and infringer can come to a consensus. The agreement usually allows the infringer to continue using the intellectual property for a fee, which is paid to the owner. It can include the acknowledgment of the owner’s work. Therefore, the intellectual property law has proven to be effective and lucrative. Many individuals and companies have made chunks of money following successful lawsuits. On the other end, the law has also seen profitable firms and rich individuals become bankrupt. It explains why the world is experiencing a surge in companies specializing in intellectual property law. Nevertheless, the need for an attorney in this process cannot be over-emphasized. Lawyers pl ay a crucial role in preserving integrity within the bounds of intellectual property law. Computer Ethics Loads of research works have endeared to examine the ethical issues surrounding this area. The issues are closely related to the Internet. While the society is concretely benefiting from the digital evolution, technology is also putting ethical issues in jeopardy. The presence of Internet is increasing difficulties in the protection of intellectual property (Andorno, Nils and Christian 34). The hard truth is that today people deliberately breach the law for personal interests, particularly financial gains. The Internet offers a wide array of information which is accessed with ease. Hence, people can copy, manipulate and distribute other people works. The case is especially so given the various tools that can facilitate manipulation. Unfortunately, technological advancement is stimulating a culture in which reality acquires different interpretations. While other see an opportunity to foster societal growth and development, some leverage these avenues and undertake immoral acts. Some theorists argue that the existence of intellectual property law is evidence that certain persons are expected to violate the rights of others (Andorno, Nils and Christian 28). Hence, the intellectual property law is influencing ethics in relation to the social, global, political and economic aspects. The mass production and consumption of information is at the center of the ethical matters. The world has shifted from the traditional technology intellectual property which was confined to media such as T.V and published books (Andorno, Nils and Christian 30). Today, information structure, computer networks, and World Wide Web have changed the conceptualization of media. Clearly, the future of computer ethics requires heightened measures in safeguarding creativity and innovation. The freedom of information should be followed with greater transparency revolving around intellectual property law. With the increasingly technological growth, there will be the need to modify the rules an d regulations around intellectual property in order to accommodate the revolution. Apparently, the protection of intellectual property promotes innovation. Without the laws, the intellectual assets of individuals and business will be compromised thus derailing the full benefits of creativity and innovation. There will be little/no incentives for people to concentrate on research and development. Therefore, it is pertinent for artists and inventors to be adequately compensated because their growth positively impacts the entire society.

Gender Inequality Essay - 1121 Words

Gender Inequality In The Home Remains An Issue In Family Life. Gender inqualities often stem from social structures that have instiutionalized conceptions of gender differences. Gender inequality has been around for centuries. In many family homes, their lives evolve around gender roles. The responibilties in the family are allocated to their sex (gender). There are certain tasks which are usually allocated to males and females. Some see this division as biologolical differences between the sexes and others see it happening in cultural backgrounds. There are sociological theories that have tended to see gender roles as natural and inevitable. Talcott Parsons, suggested that within the modern nuclear family it was essential that one†¦show more content†¦For the females of today we can pretty much do anything we like, join the army, be a prime misiter, run a company or be a stay at home mum. As the new century, today, we see a greatly altered family landscape in which dual-income and single parents families outnumber the ascendant two-parent, one-earner in the household. There is more single parent families nowadays. So they would be taking on the roles as the breadwinner and home maker. But its not just women doing this, there is a lot of men as single parents and broken families that have to take on these roles. So a lot has changed over the years. And there is more and more working parents. Gender role and inquality is not just geared towards women but also men. As much as women face inqualities, ther are many aspects about the world that’s is unfair towards men. The question remains, â€Å"will men and women ever be found equal?† My answer, no. Men and women are simply too different to be considered be treated the same. Yes, I do believe that men and women should be paid the same, and given equal and all opportunity, but as far as the biological sense g oes men and women have two completely different biological makeup. It is scientifically true that women are more nurturing whereas men are found to be much more competitive and aggressive. That is not to say that those traits can not be mixed upon the two genders, but there is still too much that keepsShow MoreRelatedEssay On Gender Inequality1127 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"superior† race/gender of a white male were typically treated as if they were less. Women and African-Americans aren’t being treated as bad today, but they’re still being treated worse than the white males of society. Even today, when white males are typically the leaders of society, it’s not always race and gender that creates inequality; sometimes it’s money that creates the issue. Not just from past evidence, but from present evidence as well, America shows signs of inequality by the way peopleRead MoreSocial Inequality And Gender Inequality Essay2163 Words   |  9 Page sn AmericaSocial inequality is defined as the set of unequal for different social classes or statuses for various individuals within a group or society. It usually refers to people of distinct genders, ages and ethnicities. Many American’s have experienced some type of social inequality throughout their lifetime. America’s gaping inequality is seen everywhere from education to the workforce. Society tends to oversee inequality based on race, gender, and other social characteristics believe that racialRead MoreSocial Inequality And Gender Inequality Essay2091 Words   |  9 PagesSocial inequality is defined as the set of unequal opportunities for different social classes or statuses for various individuals within a group or society. 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Gender inequality refers to disproportionate dealing or assessmentsRead MoreGender Inequality : Gender Inequalities825 Words   |  4 PagesMichael Ursini Mrs. Karen Cardenas English 4 Sec 03 Sum 17 07 July 2017 Gender Inequalities Thesis: While this could be the best thing the world could accomplish if something changes, Women and men should not be segregated into their own category. Because both genders should have equal rights when it comes to working, money, households, relationships and other categories. This problem has been around for a long time but never been brought to a lot of people s attention, because of this nobody talksRead MoreGender Inequalities And Gender Inequality1791 Words   |  8 PagesGender inequalities have been around since the beginning of time, and it has been a long and bumpy road to achieve the amount of equality that we have today. Still everyday women have the risk of being discriminated against for simply being women. Depending on where these women live, what the predominate culture in the area is, and the amount of education that is allowed affects their risk of being discriminated against and the severity of the act itself. Discrimination can be displayed in formsRead MoreG ender Inequality And Gender Equality1667 Words   |  7 PagesGender inequality is the state in which access to rights or opportunities is affected by gender. Gender inequality is an issue not just nationally but globally. This issue is portrayed by the mistreating of individuals, mainly women, and not valuing everyone as one. This presentation will illustrate the exploration of gender equality, propose a solution and why that solution will produce a better future for a better world. Gender inequality is a very important issue common in our world today thatRead MoreGender Inequality And Gender Inequalities1787 Words   |  8 PagesGender inequality plays a critical role when it comes to social progress. 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Empowering Team by using the Empowerment Strategies Free Sample

Question Write an Essay on Sport and Exercies. Answer: Introduction As a club coach am more fortunate to see the players twice a week for a given period of time, which differs from one club to another. The empowerment of the athlete can be carried through identification of the learning styles, which is the ability to make decision under pressure as well as encourage effective communication through the player and the coach (Montgomery, pg. 3). As a coach, I try to reach goals of making the best out of the athletes. I try to enhance awareness, discipline, courage, persistence as well as balance. As a baseball coach of Feeder team, I will empower on my team using the empowerment strategies I have learnt over the years from other legend coaches in order to help me overcome the weaknesses of the team and help them to perform much better. As a team we have not been doing well we have been down the table being beaten by my other teams. This time I want to empower my team and help them become the best and perhaps aim at getting the title this season (Montgom ery, pg. 1). The first thing to note about empowering of the athlete as a coach is that we should formulate a team culture which is very successful than to use the traditional approaches. An empowering approach is the one, which is ideal for the sport teams since it has the ability to give the athletes control as well as the choice that could enable them to make decision as they are competing (Kidman, Thorpe, Jones Lewis, 2001, pg. 37). Additionally, it has been found to bring fun to the athletes who are participating in a particular sport since they have a much greater internal motivation. I want to empower the players rather than attempting to control them. It is all about the power and who is wielding it. I want these athletes to have more freedom to make decision, which are in their best interest. This will be achieved through equipping the athletes with both the knowledge and the set of skills which are necessary to do so, instead of micromanaging their charge and keeping them dependent. The philosophy of the control is usually doomed as a failure simply because it is impossible for the coach to know as much as about the athlete could learn about themselves. The athletes usually decide on the ultimate outcome since they are the ones who are competing and not the coach. This essay will explore how I will empower the players of my club through various strategies. I have done research from some of the legends coaches such as Wayne Smith who was the All Black coaches Rugby team. As a coach, I will explain on the process of how I intend to empower my players so that we can improve our weaknesses and become one of the top Baseball team in New Zealand. It will be important for my part to build the character of the team players in order to enable them to take the responsibility for their preparation as well as performance. This is the basis of the of the empowerment approach. Further, every member of a team will have the ability of becoming a leader and they can communicate what they are seeing on the field. Any athlete who has worked under a coach who is great will say that they have been coached to coach themselves. This has been done in order to cultivate an understanding in the method, which fosters the belief in what they are doing and thus become confidence (Kidman, Thorpe, Jones Lewis, 2001. Pg. 91). The players should believe on the method, which I will use so that they could employ them if they desire to get better. A coach who is truly great would not claim to the victory but rather give the athletes on building their self-confidence. Weaknesses of the team The Feeder baseball team has been some problems over the last season they were playing. One such problem was that of coordination of the players while they were in playing. Most of the players lack the concentration to implement the moves we had rehearsed during the practice. Additionally, many of them are not motivated when they are playing. Some do not believe in themselves and this has greatly affected us to an extent we cannot beat the team that are not good as us. There has been issues related to the management such as issues of funds, which has made the team not to believe on themselves. I have been able to some extent to encourage them and assure things will become better in the future as the management is working hard with other sponsors to handle on these issues. The thing I want to focus is the strategies that would help my team to become one of the best team again as they used to be just as the past season. Strategies I will use for empowering the team As a coach, I believe that many players have the need especially when it comes to the learnt knowledge or perhaps the skill acquisition. Some time we can look at a player in the group especially if they could acknowledge if they could understand the instruction when I given them and assume the rest of the group could understand. I intend to use the learning style technique, which has been regarded over the years to be less innovative. I will identify the learning style of each off the players in order to utilize on the coaching strategies, which could match the style of the players (https://athleteassessments.com/athlete-learning-styles-must-have-coaching-toolbox/). I will categorize the players into two groups the active and the reflective learners. The active learners would want to drill, and run through a couple of times first then get into it. They will work as part of training group rather than them being individually. The reflective learners will want to think before the execut ion and they will require the time to understand. These two group will work together in order to complement on one another to be able to work as a team to bring the best of each other (Montgomery, 2). Adapting of the coaching learning style of the playing group will be very critical. In the event there is discrepancy, which is between the preferred mode of communication and the player mode of receiving this information, the learning of the required concept of the game could become inefficient. To solve the issue I will manage to coach the team on individual level and cater for personal learning style on a regular basis, the learning will become much more efficient and this will help them speak on themselves. Further, I intend to empower my team through encouraging them to study, to work or perhaps help in the community. It is important for the personal development of these athletes since they like innovation. I believe on the principle of honesty with the athletes is very important. It is important for the player to act on this principle and not just talk about it. To ensure that am successful to coach these individuals, they should have hungry attitude for accepting of the challenge and set a plan to them. Further, the coach should be in a position to give them the opportunity for them working on their weaknesses. The coaches should always help the athletes to improve from their weaknesses (Kidman, Thorpe, Jones Lewis, 2001, pg. 90). Additionally I will find the right individuals for the job. Every coach needs the right people who are going in the right direction. These individuals should have a strong vision which every individual is part of formulating. Further, they should ensure th at there are best system as well as processes, which have been set up, and the individuals are committed to excellence and they are consistent to the work habits. As a coach, I have learnt game sense approach, which I believe, will be very essential towards the success of the team. This approach can encourage the players to both understand as well appreciate the game they are playing (Forrest, Webb Pearson, 2007 pg. 10). Additionally, it could enable them to make decisions which are informed, take of the ownership for their learning as well as be able to exercise the choice and control over how they could play the game (Kidman, Thorpe, Jones Lewis, 2001 pg.91). The game sense could help the coaches to develop the non-traditional approach to help the athletes to learn. The game sense can have an influence on the thinking as well as the development of the empowerment approach. The benefit, which will be brought by using this technique, is the ability of increasing of the intrinsic motivation of the players. Learning of the game sense could be part of the empowerment approach, which is like learning other skill (Forrest, Webb Pearson, 2007, pg . 11). Am much prepared to train it as well as search for other ways in which to continue on the development of this strategy since I believe will be a good way to develop my team. Empowerment as coach have understood it as the process of the change. In order for the players to take power, they need to gain information in regards to themselves and their environment and they should be willing to identify and work with other players in order to make changes in the team. The process of empowerment has been regarded as an interactive process to which the players experience personal as well as social change, thus enabling them to take action in order to influence over their team (Duncan Brummett, 1993, pg. 3). The development process of the players usually include various stages such as the entry point, the advancement, incorporation what they have learnt and the commitment in order to achieve the best result for their teams. The entry point is usually motivated by the fact of their personal experience of some event or perhaps condition which have happened over the past. I believe the input of these players will encourages creative thinking. The players will need t o play the game, to enable the ideas as well as the ways of reading the game to be relevant to the training they had undertaken. As a coach, I have learnt more and have continued to improve on the way to instill knowledge and skills to the team players. As I develop on the team one of my goals would be to become organize a team environment as well as cultivate on a culture. The technique, which could be used to help a team to succeed, would be the establishment of a vision team as well at attitude through creating of a video, which put together groundbreaking (Kidman, Thorpe, Jones Lewis, 2001 pg.91). The use of the video would help setting of the scene, which is prior to facilitating of the vision of the team, values as well as the attitudes. When the players see the video one could see the response on how they would react which can be the starting point of some confidence to forge forward towards achievement of success of the team. Additionally, the coaches could use towards the empowerment of the players such initiative could include training in different ways, creation of the team song and team building a ctivities in other ways. During the period of training as a team, we will go through the game, discuss on some issues such as statistics and agree where to improve most. I will be checking this on a weekly basis in order to ensure there is consistency of the changes we had discussed as well as ensure the new concepts are implemented. This process is important since the Feeder team players will gain the skills. I want these players to grasp the idea where they are performing which will include the tactics and the development of the skills. Conclusion As a team, my biggest role is to encourage the players to be self-aware individual as well as improve on their thinking to enable them to be consistent during the training, which will help boost on our team, which has been performing, poorly especially in the last season. The techniques, which I intend to implement, are the learning style and the game sense approach, which have been widely used, and they have been found to be much effective. With my own improvement of these techniques, I believe I can improve on my baseball team. References Duncan, M. C., Brummett, B. (1993). Liberal and radical sources of female empowerment in sport media. Sociology of Sport Journal, 10(1), 57-72. Accessed At: https://www.fitnessforlife.org/AcuCustom/Sitename/Documents/DocumentItem/9719.pdf. Forrest, G. J., Webb, P., Pearson, P. (2007). Games for understanding in pre service teacher education: a'game for outcome'approach for enhanced understanding of games. Accessed At: https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1657amp;context=edupapers#page=60 Kidman, L., Thorpe, R., Jones, R. L., Lewis, C. (2001). Developing decision makers: An empowerment approach to coaching. IPC Print Resources. Montgomery, S. Empowerment of the playerby understanding the player. Accessed At: https://www.aru.com.au/Portals/23/Empowerment%20of%20the%20Player,%20by%20un derstanding%20the%20Player.pdf https://athleteassessments.com/athlete-learning-styles-must-have-coaching-toolbox/